OXIESEC PANEL

Name	Size	Modified	Perms
📁 ..	-	05/19/2025 10:07:13 AM	rwxr-xr-x
📄 00075c93132acf7a6e46e48d2291ce41.spc	5.69 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:22 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 0102169e52b6a27a410e7b237202fe84.spc	140.81 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:22 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 027d4dde1e82475da3d9afe4844afb1d.spc	2.63 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:22 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 03036edfece701eaa1537fea4014dd44.spc	56.35 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:22 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 0446f65691fba260d3eabbd1377240f8.spc	5.75 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:22 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 04d0c6cc2bf146b1318b78f84416b912.spc	124.45 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:22 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 0582678c8cfff117f770f9368b70c2b5.spc	19.33 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:22 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 0601d608f5e2ea8e198130b17fe6ef01.spc	157 bytes	05/16/2025 04:32:22 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 061ad7f2b0116c570fdc35c36824c7c6.spc	42.24 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:22 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 06e0c598a46c483b6b9d775e1ba1ecd4.spc	124.09 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:22 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 0802b12194f292de0e9d9617ac014785.spc	290.02 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:22 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 083aed319a0b5c8691e31d9150d8005e.spc	19.84 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:22 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 0a3bf48c84477cd58dbc2036a0331134.spc	70.63 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:22 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 0b5e5f226006af7e46d02ba8ce216a45.spc	54.71 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:22 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 0b73d04c6bba0acaf2f9a569f388313a.spc	33.59 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:22 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 0b8a46fca237497cfc90498f9eb909ab.spc	686.66 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:22 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 0ce2bdd7061489c6136e7614d421b874.spc	47.7 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:22 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 0de8a2204854bb5dd311607494c671e4.spc	828.58 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:23 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 0e15494dca4aeb24ea769582482c5162.spc	150.58 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:23 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 0eaec40cfb584fcb55fcdfb5d76684b9.spc	16.95 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:23 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 0ed254d4d9db6e3afe193b00bc6471bb.spc	89.85 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:23 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 0f079d9bb09fef940c38ee73b52b91d4.spc	34.42 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:23 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 0f5e21d9d8354d10ea23d99101259ba2.spc	42.06 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:23 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 0ffc1fa29a6bad7fb49e55940c374610.spc	75.61 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:23 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 1071b4a15b6c2fe6f7a96f194d0ba524.spc	196 bytes	05/16/2025 04:32:23 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 10ae571a6266a8e21b0fbb15f552a1cb.spc	13.15 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:23 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 118c129ff99a905e4e9325e388b841fe.spc	45.34 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:23 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 131a4ad07dda46888cbbc1cb4c710a91.spc	59.6 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:23 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 132dee0a955be7733cc009e546de18da.spc	100.76 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:23 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 142d8795402a4e8a520be8ebea6f54f3.spc	22.7 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:23 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 1469d584e9747d132077c9df3cda6c97.spc	121.15 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:23 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 1479626ef8ef423638ca62f43b3e0f8d.spc	95.45 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:23 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 16e016e3ca27d793aa9172c1913c3f23.spc	26.74 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:23 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 19f3a21c36072f501f634db8e658bc9f.spc	16.6 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:23 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 1b8954ae7aab6fd9784cbcc827133f80.spc	186 bytes	05/16/2025 04:32:23 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 1c0bbac8beea30e555f26fd02994e7a5.spc	19.96 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:23 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 1c1a63fc25720b7c22c9c28fa2aa9379.spc	236.54 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:23 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 1f1672e0ecc5e7a6d278c930015520ab.spc	166 bytes	05/16/2025 04:32:23 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 1f4cf3ae9ba91935f556711c1cfc34d4.spc	88.33 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:23 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 1f5e96e3f1a01f95ab611ec1458fe470.spc	169.16 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:23 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 20a75b688975a2d5d342eae9f4c33411.spc	1.22 MB	05/16/2025 04:32:24 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 225d97aca36305a8b407ea6d8d5b187e.spc	55.08 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:24 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 242d3dabf79d13154fcc384ff8b2d25e.spc	113.19 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:24 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 25512b0d18ae6e4d20d027abbc467365.spc	31.2 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:24 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 25948504a82cd8da1985fddd4500c1c7.spc	153.7 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:24 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 26e0c631724f3653c10c3123546ab5e2.spc	110.09 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:24 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 2704664dff0e40e19de087fe00892bc2.spc	24.51 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:24 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 274ae07ff50cfde2bda57a71703b62f4.spc	2.54 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:24 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 2799184659106c88b5072a3e3f763a4d.spc	2.54 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:24 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 2801f3bdd649962fa663f608c2383280.spc	154.53 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:24 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 28099e26c5c9a06acb85a41ccd789efc.spc	500.36 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:24 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 2aabe0323264e3f60916621039be0e76.spc	42.37 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:24 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 2abcd685295b4a261ad2e866188e5e11.spc	125.3 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:24 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 2aed529f6407470bef913050a1d118ef.spc	151 bytes	05/16/2025 04:32:24 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 2b2654a64e8b0f5d9cf497e0883b2042.spc	96.1 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:24 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 2dae1abba28ecd05f3e1e91f308cf8c4.spc	87.25 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:24 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 2db16a36af8daf383cb739dd57a44d90.spc	147.19 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:25 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 2de250597c053bd81359233c14c51db4.spc	286.38 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:25 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 2fb670ecdcda7db936aa7d2f018a79e4.spc	23.75 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:25 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 30d5af6cd4c10ea02520bcaba31f3d1c.spc	141.02 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:25 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 31591159e55bceb27be71ce43cd1517e.spc	443.64 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:25 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 31f817c15425941589a9819216265501.spc	68.33 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:25 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 34661b0e5b23f423b303c946172b39f8.spc	20.99 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:25 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 3567037b5acd1842946ba40397edead4.spc	84.5 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:25 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 37cf2adae9335c54f1dbc436922e6cfc.spc	181 bytes	05/16/2025 04:32:25 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 389ae768f4ecb350b56b92da3b04c1ac.spc	180.5 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:25 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 3bcfb7838de30c68c7acc437c16935cc.spc	142.35 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:25 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 3ca755a78dd04c91695e5fcee845991f.spc	42.02 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:25 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 3d135369c757ae57c3c873e6070d5ac6.spc	46.18 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:25 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 3e4e8d898fc42bca52bf888c3a33ef23.spc	614.85 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:25 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 3e804b49f84699d48348b3bee312090d.spc	25.24 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:25 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 3f92b590befbddc6f7237f2ff7a2ca21.spc	407.55 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:25 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 3f93802ae5a285cffaf04f22ceb596fb.spc	307.02 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:25 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 419e5468f73de12da7ac55b064ff6e04.spc	19.87 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:25 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 43cdef0c688f38c395285fd09bd1d8b6.spc	163 bytes	05/16/2025 04:32:25 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 445a8424173fb9de0f08493a09557c92.spc	39.14 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 447b88825763019604aca4e363415120.spc	3.18 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 44a6e222af7ac1e000190688f3824d27.spc	103.66 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 45ec354e05ea3a553e89c9f9d1ee7a6f.spc	67.86 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 48926180fcc9ab4ab897cfbc5279409e.spc	170 bytes	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 4904c558085c30a9ca52969c7f875cf8.spc	155 bytes	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 490fd4abfc32189cff5d5f38ddaaff5b.spc	22.31 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 491e4a0adc576f7c32fdb7ee38bb0997.spc	88.77 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 492e918dde587df3095914b1f67cd6ee.spc	31.56 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 4b6d0ec22ab2dc33cffefef17cf9a288.spc	87.42 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 4b6fa8105439c52ea4f2c1f18e0957e2.spc	181 bytes	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 4c3facd12e8f40cab8114677f681ebaf.spc	134 bytes	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 4ca537d8aa4727a23841361c475118e1.spc	42.22 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 4d1bb795413f82f68c666caa0c0c27bb.spc	148.14 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 4e8baeaef3679f9460ffdecddbb1f6a7.spc	35.08 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 5064bfc366d30fb3250bafeacadc83db.spc	22.11 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 50ba71d2f35fb5e96b224d907d33d263.spc	720.35 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 51447ae67b6d856982df0ea0496cf24b.spc	18.89 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 522fe4b133aa24cb42c79b24ecb5c838.spc	134.37 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 5432740bf8126b80fd18515165c5cf20.spc	22.07 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 55fad6ae8bfedfb81fafc8bd5112a79f.spc	31.16 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 577d0589862161e3aaa25ed8758b2765.spc	29.23 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 57e4b3f5cadf2d33fa630cb96499349a.spc	154 bytes	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 588359e68ff59d4ef53aaf3edb6a44cf.spc	6.77 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 5a06bba505584742f9e590f2f81e0ff3.spc	128 bytes	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 5c6d487a1fbb288f7f0f73b55f6b2df1.spc	41.86 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 5c744a4198beb7326dcf101f961486b4.spc	56.94 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:26 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 5ef8b2cef4776b3e3f9f79092ce932ca.spc	124.66 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:27 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 5fc9bcdda34ec7e72510b177a0164b7b.spc	602.71 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:27 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 60bc545cda9dafe75484b88be1dd4ae9.spc	67.49 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:27 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 60fe2edd86b212feb0f71552066ef55d.spc	186.19 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:27 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 6270f865db79068a5dedb78ba877e7a0.spc	100.02 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:27 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 6370a4a7eb9be29e32a96811bc0dd7b6.spc	19.59 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:27 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 63f55618eba7b0585577fb08ea8818dc.spc	41.42 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:27 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 651d4f6bf953adef7c5b8f05f01e1151.spc	32.47 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:27 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 66267a4d6dba7887fc7d4a1aa2da9b75.spc	123.73 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:27 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 663e01e065755a523f15f61782ef2fd0.spc	28.3 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:27 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 66506bf5272cefcb56085b4b77463bd8.spc	280.88 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:27 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 669fa07a0da20a5d0da35d972d5fcac5.spc	99.77 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:27 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 679d4423c6016aeb24557d767a509bbb.spc	46.29 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:27 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 69185497e5f13fd4744a2c39d76fb812.spc	32.55 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:27 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 69b3abe3aa88d144d3591d56873de72b.spc	150 bytes	05/16/2025 04:32:27 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 6a0ab3ec7216c8caa50e266f3ff16993.spc	22.35 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:27 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 6c7544e2246a222bbde6ad7d0406c8db.spc	200.49 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:27 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 6c7c31384f1626a700bc8fbd2f584add.spc	57.94 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:27 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 6cf9d92f08956fa74016014a99dc793e.spc	28.51 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:27 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 6ee565104f90a8212dd7e14133d6e4ae.spc	193 bytes	05/16/2025 04:32:27 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 6eede30400457c4277e91f133b7a27a6.spc	60.73 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:27 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 71f0008f42879a3e550851568b3494d0.spc	1.8 MB	05/16/2025 04:32:28 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 72ff111641b87f5d234c3ded91959234.spc	136.69 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:28 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 7400954e05f62bf45dcf5c1087223df4.spc	2.63 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:28 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 7463e454c4ab831179d37c4e86643dc2.spc	266.75 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:28 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 74a014a9f44690e4a045b1753c1ef5c9.spc	159 bytes	05/16/2025 04:32:28 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 76c5af11f8b8bd34c58097da8689d2a2.spc	185.34 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:28 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 76e6555adc909bfac627ceaba91df128.spc	167.17 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:28 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 7ab2d04babf16e9d06f787e38f186748.spc	89.36 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:28 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 7b9723cc6339397505e29dbe8497b10a.spc	150 bytes	05/16/2025 04:32:28 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 7beeb799568e0584e407e788f7ec973d.spc	56.61 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:28 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 7c6fcaa553a1353d8fcc5535064f4008.spc	50.63 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:28 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 7d1ab5c52f2c3ab33c409e73bedecc5e.spc	3.92 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:28 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 7dc75885832733a5ea185d98887b82df.spc	33.47 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:28 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 7e7185a8ee7828937f2a05f0aa956f10.spc	162 bytes	05/16/2025 04:32:28 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 80d5eace46cca553f0c7e7a631ed6703.spc	123.39 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:28 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 828f89042b67ae6fca8657110997c302.spc	3.94 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:28 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 8341235cab83dcb126f0ad2b5812b63d.spc	88.67 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:28 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 8353d08af859970965abdbc71f5bf9a3.spc	37.15 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:28 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 83efe9d0463ea50fa82517c4a92ed589.spc	158 bytes	05/16/2025 04:32:28 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 8409cc881139fa5d466af5d757f19609.spc	48.09 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:28 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 84ed1e5a5cc7fb7930a3132f1dd7ae0a.spc	112.98 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:28 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 850a6a7f962502618892db457e231fe7.spc	131.61 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:29 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 852c8f9b4effcea04904f4e1e55da3f4.spc	459.08 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:29 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 874091b93fb13db66a5fdbe72fbb8d6b.spc	1.59 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:29 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 8b768f4e406ced9a4cba62897a7bc651.spc	97.91 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:29 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 8bbfe139e67e5f738b9ffcb18a7c5b86.spc	47.7 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:29 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 8d0823d0a4bd13241dc275b14e801667.spc	183.86 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:29 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 8d3db038a087fbdc54054a9282afa2c6.spc	164 bytes	05/16/2025 04:32:29 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 8d64115de2ca5294e771c8614663c953.spc	162 bytes	05/16/2025 04:32:29 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 8e24588eb23460ceefe5195686c2a6db.spc	101.38 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:29 AM	rw-r--r--
📄 906b5d59de170e528244744b925a8af5.spc	97.16 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:29 AM	rw-r--r--
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📄 925665a1ef421d5783a6690aaf7df881.spc	92.84 KB	05/16/2025 04:32:29 AM	rw-r--r--
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Editing: a4ed082fee0233bdebb15a8f4a504fa6.spc

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 ";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:3:{s:0:"";a:6:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:56:"The post office is finally going to try out being a bank";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:6423:"According to a 2019 report by the Federal Reserve, 22% of American adults, or 63 million, are either &#x201C;unbanked&#x201D; or &#x201C;underbanked,&#x201D; meaning they don&#x2019;t have easy access to a financial institution to do things like cash checks or save money. Separately, a <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/postal-service-is-in-financial-peril-government-watchdog-report-says-11588865412" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">2020 report</a> by the U.S. Government Accountability Office found that the U.S. Postal Service had lost $69 billion over 11 years, declaring that its &#x201C;mission and financial solvency are increasingly in peril.&#x201D;
A new initiative from the USPS begins to address the confluence of those two issues. The agency confirmed that it has been offering limited financial services since September 13 in four U.S. locations: The Bronx, New York; Baltimore; Washington, D.C.; and Falls Church, Virginia. Customers at post offices in those areas are able to use payroll and business checks to purchase gift cards &#x201C;to provide customers an alternative to traditional check cashing.&#x201D;
In what it&#x2019;s calling a &#x201C;test pilot,&#x201D; the USPS confirmed via an emailed statement that customers will be able to buy these single-use gift cards of up to $500 in value, using checks as payment, for a fee of $5.95, regardless of the size of the check. The initiative was set up in conjunction with the American Postal Workers Union (APWU), and, though it&#x2019;s a very modest push toward postal banking services, this is its biggest since 1966.
The test pilot will allow the agency to raise some much-needed revenue. Its precarious financial situation began in 2006, when Congress passed an <a href="https://ips-dc.org/how-congress-manufactured-a-postal-crisis-and-how-to-fix-it/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">unprecedented bill</a> mandating the post office create its own $72 billion fund to finance its employees&#x2019; pensions&#x2014;75 years into the future&#x2014;for which it had to secure a loan from the Treasury. In the email statement, USPS spokesperson Tatiana Roy said the offering aligns with <a href="https://about.usps.com/what/strategic-plans/delivering-for-america/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Delivering for America</a>, the agency&#x2019;s 10-year plan &#x201C;to achieve financial sustainability and service excellence.&#x201D; That plan, released publicly in March, aims to attain positive net profit in three years, and &#x201C;reverse a projected $160 billion in losses&#x201D; in ten, through a mix of capital investments, postal rate changes, and restructuring mail processing equipment and operations.
At the same time, millions of people who live in &#x201C;bank deserts&#x201D; are in need of banking access. Post offices seem like an apt solution: 59% of them are in zip codes that have no banks at all. Starting these pilots now also appears to be a response to these social pressures, says Mehrsa Baradaran, a law professor at the University of California, and a longtime proponent of postal banking, which she wrote about in her 2015 book, How the Other Half Banks. She says early postal banking, first established in 1910, was set up to adapt to social needs of the time. Then dubbed &#x201C;the poor man&#x2019;s bank,&#x201D; the post office was used by rural farmers and immigrants, and mail banking by troops in both world wars; as with today&#x2019;s pilot program, deposits were also capped at $500, she adds. But these services were discontinued in 1966.
The idea has regained popularity in recent years. A 2014 report from the postal service&#x2019;s inspector general endorsed the idea, and progressive Democrats, such as Senators Bernie Sanders and Kirsten Gillibrand have championed the concept, most notably in Gillibrand&#x2019;s <a href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/senate-bill/2755" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Postal Banking Act</a> of 2018. This spring, along with Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, they <a href="https://www.gillibrand.senate.gov/news/press/release/senators-gillibrand-and-sanders-representatives-ocasio-cortez-pascrell-and-kaptur-call-on-congress-to-implement-postal-banking-pilot-programs-#:~:text=Senators%20Gillibrand%20and%20Sanders%20are,post%20offices%20in%20every%20community." target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">called for funding for the pilot programs</a> to be included in next year&#x2019;s Appropriations Bill. Gillibrand <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/politics-news/return-postal-banking-postal-service-tests-new-financial-services-rcna2502" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">reportedly praised</a> the program as a &#x201C;great first step,&#x201D; adding in a statement: &#x201C;While the products it will offer are not as expansive as those contained in my legislation, a pilot program will demonstrate the value to these communities.&#x201D;
Critics have long expressed fear of public competition with <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90542205/the-usps-has-discussed-letting-jpmorgan-chase-put-atms-in-post-offices" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">private banks</a>, and they say banking for the underserved should be <a href="https://www.icba.org/docs/default-source/icba/advocacy-documents/letters-to-congress/opposition-to-funding-of-postal-banking-pilot-program.pdf?sfvrsn=b35f0517_0" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">left to community banks</a>, also known as Minority Depository Institutions. In fact, the the post office doesn&#x2019;t use the word &#x201C;banking&#x201D; when discussing these pilots, rather &#x201C;financial services.&#x201D; This is not &#x201C;full-scale postal banking,&#x201D; Baradaran agrees, rather services consistent with what the post office already offers, like money orders. &#x201C;No one, including me, has ever proposed that the post office become a bank or compete with banks,&#x201D; she says.
Baradaran agrees it&#x2019;s &#x201C;absolutely&#x201D; a sign of progress, adding that the next helpful step would be to add a digital app component for easier access. And, since 90% of the zip codes without banks or credit unions are rural, she says the agency should establish rural pilots, too (which would also require, she notes, better rural broadband).
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 ";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:3:{s:0:"";a:6:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:87:"Donald Trump got knocked off the Forbes 400 list, but you might not like the reason why";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:2974:"Donald Trump got booted today from the <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/danalexander/2021/10/05/donald-trump-falls-off-the-forbes-400-for-first-time-in-25-years/?sh=70d50f67f62b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Forbes 400 list</a> of richest Americans. This marks the first time in 25 years that his name won&#x2019;t appear on the magazine&#x2019;s annual list&#x2014;which the former president is said to follow religiously. Last year, Forbes estimated Trump&#x2019;s net worth was $2.5 billion, good enough for 339th place. This year, it also put his worth at $2.5 billion, but that left him $400 million short because the rest of America&#x2019;s top earners saw massive gains on things like tech stocks and crypto during a period when millions were struggling to navigate job losses and economic uncertainty.
In fact, during the pandemic, the world&#x2019;s richest became a staggering $5 trillion richer, Forbes <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/kerryadolan/2021/04/06/forbes-35th-annual-worlds-billionaires-list-facts-and-figures-2021/?sh=78e12fb5e587" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">said</a> six months ago. But about 75% of Trump&#x2019;s fortune is reportedly assets in commercial real estate, which <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2020-commercial-real-estate/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">hasn&#x2019;t exactly been</a> a hot market lately. The minimum net worth to make Forbes&#x2018;s top 400 rose this year from $2.1 billion to $2.9 billion. Trump is one of 51 individuals who got dropped from the new list, and 31 of these people actually became richer over the past year.
For quick perspective, Amazon founder Jeff Bezos is 70% richer today than he was at the <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/tommybeer/2021/01/26/report-american-billionaires-have-added-more-than-1-trillion-in-wealth-during-pandemic/?sh=adb3e2125647" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">start of the pandemic</a>. Facebook&#x2019;s Mark Zuckerberg and Google cofounders Sergey Brin and Larry Page more than doubled their wealth, while Warren Buffett increased his net worth by about 50%, and Bill Gates and Walmart&#x2019;s Jim Walton both got about a third richer. And Elon Musk is currently 700% richer.
You can&#x2019;t talk about Trump missing the Forbes list&#x2019;s cut, though, without noting one irony: If he&#x2019;d followed ethics officials&#x2019; advice to divest from his businesses, not only would Trump have avoided racking up <a href="https://www.citizensforethics.org/reports-investigations/crew-reports/president-trumps-3400-conflicts-of-interest/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">3,400 conflicts of interest</a> while he was in the Oval Office (hello, Pennsylvania Avenue Trump International Hotel!), but also this would have diversified his financial portfolio, which probably would have made him more money.
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 ";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:3:{s:0:"";a:6:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:91:"Where’s My Refund? IRS seeks upgrade to dreaded online tool, but don’t hold your breath";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:2921:"In the midst of a particularly horrific tax season, with the beleaguered Internal Revenue Service (IRS) swamped by backlogged returns and citizens waiting anxiously for missing refunds to appear, many taxpayers seeking clarity have been referred to the dreaded online &#x201C;Where&#x2019;s My Refund&#x201D; tracker. In other words, the place where inquiries go to die.
The <a href="https://www.irs.gov/refunds" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">&#x201C;Where&#x2019;s My Refund&#x201D; tool</a>, which lives on the IRS website, has been of scant help to many visitors, informing taxpayers with late refunds only that their returns are &#x201C;pending.&#x201D; It does not offer any estimate of when refunds can be expected, nor does it advise if additional supporting documents are needed. The lack of such basic services <a href="https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/p4054.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">was flagged by the Taxpayer Advocate Service (TAS)</a>&#x2014;the arm of the IRS that ensures fair treatment of citizen taxpayers&#x2014;which recommended that the IRS supply these features as quickly as possible.
And according to <a href="https://www.taxpayeradvocate.irs.gov/news/directory-entry/2020-msp-10-refund-delays/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">a TAS report</a>, the IRS seems to have taken the first steps. It has submitted several &#x201C;Unified Work Requests&#x201D; to its engineers, requesting programming upgrades to the tool that would include more specific reasons for why a refund has been delayed, or a notice if it&#x2019;s still reviewing whether supporting documents are needed. It also says it&#x2019;s exploring a system by which taxpayers can digitally transmit documents to the IRS, such as uploading through the IRS.gov website. That could include a permanent extension of the interim rules, allowing people to submit identity verification files over eFax during the COVID-19 pandemic.
But it&#x2019;s not a done deal by any means: The IRS cautions that such programming upgrades are &#x201C;subject to funding limitations and competing priorities,&#x201D; meaning all this could very well amount to nothing if cash is thin or other issues are deemed more important. It&#x2019;s also worth noting that another request&#x2014;to supply relevant contact telephone numbers through the &#x201C;Where&#x2019;s My Refund&#x201D; tool&#x2014;has already been denied &#x201C;due to funding limitations.&#x201D; So if you&#x2019;re still waiting for your 2020 refund, maybe don&#x2019;t hold your breath.
Further along in the report, the IRS also notes it would not be able to expedite legitimate refunds by modernizing its &#x201C;obsolete&#x201D; systems&#x2014;also &#x201C;due to funding limitations&#x201D;&#x2014;nor would it be sharing data about how long it detains legitimate refunds that are tagged by fraud filters.
";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"link";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:208:"https://www.fastcompany.com/90683423/wheres-my-refund-irs-seeks-upgrade-to-dreaded-online-tool-but-dont-hold-your-breath?partner=rss&utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss+fastcompany&utm_content=rss";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"guid";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:120:"https://www.fastcompany.com/90683423/wheres-my-refund-irs-seeks-upgrade-to-dreaded-online-tool-but-dont-hold-your-breath";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:11:"isPermaLink";s:5:"false";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:8:"category";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:4:"News";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:7:"pubDate";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:29:"Tue, 05 Oct 2021 14:24:39 GMT";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:32:"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/";a:1:{s:7:"creator";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:10:"Connie Lin";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:29:"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/";a:1:{s:7:"content";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:0:"";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:5:{s:3:"url";s:178:"https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/w_1280,q_auto,f_auto,fl_lossy/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/p-1-The-IRSs-dreaded-Wheres-My-Refund-tool-could-be-getting-an-upgrade-or-two.jpg";s:4:"type";s:10:"image/jpeg";s:6:"medium";s:5:"image";s:5:"width";s:4:"1280";s:6:"height";s:3:"720";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}}}i:3;a:6:{s:4:"data";s:113:"
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:3:{s:0:"";a:6:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:91:"Tesla racism lawsuit: Why the verdict is a big deal in the fight against forced arbitration";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:6282:"A federal court in San Francisco <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-10-04/tesla-ordered-to-pay-137-million-for-harboring-workplace-racism" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">has awarded $137 million</a> to an ex Tesla worker who endured racist abuse at the company. It took only four hours of deliberation, and Owen Diaz&#x2014;a former elevator operator&#x2014;got far more than his attorneys had demanded for their client: In addition to $7 million for Diaz&#x2019;s emotional distress, the jury decided Tesla will also have to pay $130 million in punitive damages.
From 2015 to 2016, Diaz worked at Tesla&#x2019;s Fremont factory, where he says his supervisor and other workers repeatedly called him racial slurs and told him things like &#x201C;Go back to Africa.&#x201D; He says there were also swastikas on the bathroom stalls and racist drawings of Black children scattered around the factory. Diaz claims the company didn&#x2019;t do enough to stop any of these incidents. He says he put up with the abuse until his son took a job at the factory and suffered the same mistreatment.
Naturally, Tesla disagrees with the $137 million verdict, and it&#x2019;s depicting what happened to Diaz as an isolated incident. (It also notes two of his colleagues were ultimately fired, and that it suspended a third.) However, this dances past what make this case so unusual: Diaz is among a handful of contract workers who didn&#x2019;t sign one of Tesla&#x2019;s ubiquitous mandatory arbitration agreements when he was hired. That allowed him to sue the company, and for his complaint to become public.
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-width="525" data-dnt="true">
This will get a tiny fraction of the attention of Grimes and Space X. If the 21st century tech magnates are so brilliant and innovative how come their companies are as riven with racism as the 20th century old-timey manufacturing companies. <a href="https://t.co/yii7GaDiJR">https://t.co/yii7GaDiJR</a>
&#x2014; Sherrilyn Ifill (@Sifill_LDF) <a href="https://twitter.com/Sifill_LDF/status/1445218802971648006?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">October 5, 2021</a></blockquote>
<script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
Congress has tried (unsuccessfully) <a href="https://www.vox.com/identities/2019/9/20/20872195/forced-mandatory-arbitration-bill-fair-act" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">to ban forced arbitration</a> in corporate America, and critics argue it&#x2019;s essentially a Star Chamber-style shadowy system that hurts both workers and company productivity, since workplace sexual harassment and racism can be obscured from view, crippling accountability. In recent years, companies like Google, Facebook, Uber, and Microsoft <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/why-companies-now-want-harassment-out-in-the-light/2021/06/08/2c2c5884-c8ce-11eb-8708-64991f2acf28_story.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">have caved</a> under #MeToo pressure, ending their policies that require sexual harassment claims to be resolved though arbitration.
But Tesla has not made any changes yet. For the past year, an activist shareholder called Nia Impact Capital <a href="https://www.niaimpactcapital.com/tesla-press-release" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">has been urging</a> it to rethink this decision. The fund just submitted <a href="https://www.niaimpactcapital.com/tesla-resolution-2021" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">a new shareholder proposal</a> asking Tesla to study its use of mandatory arbitration, which it argues &#x201C;can keep underlying facts, misconduct, or case outcomes secret and thereby prevent employees from learning about and acting on shared concerns.&#x201D;
Tesla did just take a big hit from one forced arbitration started over workplace racism: Several weeks ago, it was required to pay $1 million to a different ex-worker, Melvin Berry, who won what media called a &#x201C;<a href="https://news.bloomberglaw.com/daily-labor-report/ex-tesla-employee-called-racial-slur-wins-rare-1-million-award" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">rare</a>&#x201D; $1 million award after arguing Tesla failed to stop two of his bosses from calling him the N-word on the job.
Tesla is also busy fighting a <a href="https://www.latimes.com/business/autos/la-fi-hy-tesla-racism-lawsuit-20171115-story.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">class-action lawsuit</a> filed in 2017 that called the Fremont factory a &#x201C;hotbed of racist behavior.&#x201D; The lead plaintiff says he was called racial slurs, and also saw a Black coworker get beaten with a chair. Over a hundred coworkers have joined him in the suit, alleging there was widespread racism in the factory, including, again, frequent use of the N-word. The suit refers to an email Elon Musk sent employees that the plaintiffs didn&#x2019;t really care for. &#x201C;Part of not being a huge jerk is considering how someone might feel who is part of [a] historically less represented group,&#x201D; Musk reportedly wrote, before adding: &#x201C;In fairness, if someone is a jerk to you, but sincerely apologizes, it is important to be thick-skinned and accept that apology.&#x201D;
Tesla continues to deny wrongdoing, or entertain the idea of suspending forced arbitration. Its VP of people, Valerie Capers Workman, said in a <a href="https://www.tesla.com/blog/regarding-todays-jury-verdict" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">blog post</a> on Tesla&#x2019;s site that &#x201C;we have come a long way from 5 years ago,&#x201D; and that &#x201C;we will continue to remind everyone who enters the Tesla workplace that any discriminatory slurs&#x2014;no matter the intent or who is using them&#x2014;will not be tolerated.&#x201D;
In an interview with the Daily Beast, Diaz <a href="https://www.thedailybeast.com/ex-tesla-worker-speaks-after-winning-dollar137m-racism-verdict?source=articles&amp;via=rss" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">said</a> he believes the jury issued their verdict &#x201C;for everybody that works at Tesla. This is their way of putting Elon Musk on notice.&#x201D;
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 ";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:3:{s:0:"";a:6:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:64:"3 lessons Microsoft learned from its quest to be carbon negative";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:7157:"When Microsoft announced in 2020 that it planned to be <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90452229/microsoft-is-going-carbon-negative-will-reduce-more-carbon-than-it-has-emitted-in-its-history-as-a-company" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">carbon negative by the end of the decade</a>, the company said that it would need to rely on carbon removal solutions&#x2014;that is, ways to reliably pull CO2 from the atmosphere&#x2014;to reach the goal. By 2050, the company also plans to offset all the emissions it produced before its announcement, requiring even more carbon removal. In the first year of the new program, it paid to remove <a href="https://blogs.microsoft.com/blog/2021/01/28/one-year-later-the-path-to-carbon-negative-a-progress-report-on-our-climate-moonshot/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">1.3 million tons</a> of CO2. But the market for carbon removal is still in the early stages. In a <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-02606-3" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">new editorial</a> in the scientific journal Nature, the company shares three challenges that need to be solved for the market to work.
<h2>We need to define &#x2018;net zero&#x2019;</h2>
As <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90588882/how-to-tell-if-a-companys-net-zero-goals-are-serious-or-just-greenwashing" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">hundreds of companies make &#x201C;net zero&#x201D; pledges</a>, it still isn&#x2019;t clear what that actually means. &#x201C;We need a commonly accepted, globally aligned definition of &#x2018;net zero&#x2019; so we can all mean the same thing when we say the phrase,&#x201D; says Lucas Joppa, chief environmental officer at Microsoft. (&#x201C;Carbon negative,&#x201D; a step beyond net zero, also needs a clear definition.)
At a global level, we&#x2019;ll reach net zero when all of the CO2 emissions from humans each year (which ideally have been reduced dramatically) can be balanced out with CO2 capture from nature and new technology, so the total concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere stops growing. But when companies say that they&#x2019;re aiming for net zero (also known as carbon neutrality), the definition is murkier. Should a company claim that it has reached net zero if it relies mainly on offsets and not reducing its own emissions? If a company pays someone else to avoid emissions&#x2014;something that can slow down the build-up of CO2 in the atmosphere, but won&#x2019;t remove it&#x2014;how much should that count, compared to actions that physically reduce CO2 levels? How should a tree&#x2019;s ability to capture carbon be measured against permanent solutions like direct air capture and storage?
Joppa argues that companies need a common framework that outlines how much carbon removal needs to happen along with emissions reduction. &#x201C;The world needs to be intellectually honest with itself about what net zero means, and have a quantitative framework that everybody can hold themselves accountable to,&#x201D; he says. &#x201C;Until we have that framework, the only framework that I know is aligned with net zero is to reduce your own emissions as much as possible&#x2014;not through paying other people to reduce theirs, but reduce your own as much as possible&#x2014;and then remove the rest. We know that&#x2019;s net zero. Everything else we just know is potentially helpful.&#x201D;
<h2>We need better ways to measure carbon</h2>
Although tools are improving, companies still need much better ways to measure both the CO2 they&#x2019;re emitting and the emissions that they&#x2019;re helping offset. So-called Scope 3 emissions, or everything in a company&#x2019;s value chain outside of its own control, is especially challenging to measure. (Scope 3 emissions make up the vast majority of emissions for most companies.) If a company builds new offices, for example, the emissions from making the steel used in the construction are typically calculated using an industry average, not actual data from the specific steel mill they used. That makes the company&#x2019;s total carbon footprint less accurate, and it also gives companies less incentive to shift to something like steel made with renewable energy, Joppa says.
Offsets also need to be better measured and tracked to understand how much particular projects are helping. Microsoft is developing some solutions itself, including low-cost tools for measuring how much carbon is stored in soil on farm fields, and supporting startups with other tools, like Pachama, which uses technology to track changes in remote forests that are being used in carbon offset schemes.
<h2>The carbon removal market needs to grow</h2>
&#x201C;We have an immature, dysfunctional market,&#x201D; Joppa says. When Microsoft issued a request for proposals of carbon removal projects in mid-2020, the company received applications from organizations running 189 different projects, representing the removal of 154 megatons of CO2 removal. But only 2 megatons of that met the company&#x2019;s criteria for high-quality carbon removal. Few projects store carbon permanently, something that Microsoft is looking for. (Forests do an excellent job of sequestering carbon, but also risk burning down.)
Right now, the price of various offsets doesn&#x2019;t necessarily reflect the quality. &#x201C;Avoided&#x201D; emissions, such as improving energy efficiency, are cheap, but it&#x2019;s often difficult to prove that those actions wouldn&#x2019;t have happened anyway. Nature-based solutions like reforestation are also relatively inexpensive, but not necessarily long-lasting. The most permanent solutions, like direct air capture and sequestration, are still in their infancy and most expensive. &#x201C;Not everybody agrees with me, but I think that having a common unit of climate impact would help, particularly based on the duration and the certainty of storage,&#x201D; says Joppa. People would have to pay for a bigger quantity of nature-based solutions to get the same credit for impact, and the higher value for direct air capture could help the industry grow.
Demand is for carbon removal is already growing quickly, which will help spur startups in the industry forward. &#x201C;Last year, we bought 1.3 million metric tons of carbon removal, one of the largest purchases we&#x2019;ve ever been made aware of,&#x201D; says Joppa. &#x201C;We were one of the only players in the market. One year later, the markets are well oversubscribed. To be fair, it doesn&#x2019;t take much to oversubscribe these immature markets. But it is at least directionally telling.&#x201D;
It&#x2019;s important to solve all three challenges&#x2014;defining net zero, finding better tools for measurement, and growing the market, Joppa says. &#x201C;If you can fix them, they are the foundation upon which a global net zero carbon economy in 2050 will be built,&#x201D; he says. &#x201C;We&#x2019;re out there trying to do that early economic work. And we&#x2019;re just saying, Hey, there&#x2019;s some big problems here.&#x201D;
";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"link";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:189:"https://www.fastcompany.com/90682889/3-lessons-microsoft-learned-from-its-quest-to-be-carbon-negative?partner=rss&utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss+fastcompany&utm_content=rss";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"guid";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:101:"https://www.fastcompany.com/90682889/3-lessons-microsoft-learned-from-its-quest-to-be-carbon-negative";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:11:"isPermaLink";s:5:"false";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:8:"category";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:6:"Impact";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:7:"pubDate";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:29:"Tue, 05 Oct 2021 11:45:26 GMT";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:32:"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/";a:1:{s:7:"creator";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:12:"Adele Peters";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:29:"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/";a:1:{s:7:"content";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:0:"";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:5:{s:3:"url";s:174:"https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/w_1280,q_auto,f_auto,fl_lossy/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/p-1-90682889-3-lessons-from-microsoftand8217s-quest-to-be-carbon-negative.jpg";s:4:"type";s:10:"image/jpeg";s:6:"medium";s:5:"image";s:5:"width";s:4:"1280";s:6:"height";s:3:"720";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}}}i:5;a:6:{s:4:"data";s:113:"
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:3:{s:0:"";a:6:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:79:"When West Coast waters warmed up, it brought new species. Now they’re staying";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:14088:"Land&#x2013;based heatwaves have a less obvious though equally important sibling: marine heatwaves. In 2013, the <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3082" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">largest marine heatwave on record</a> began when an unusually warm mass of water formed in the Gulf of Alaska. By the next summer, the warm water spread south, raising average water temperatures along the United States west coast by <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016GL071039" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">3.6 to 7.2 degrees Fahrenheit (2-4 Celsius)</a>. In 2015, a strong <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa67c3" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">El Ni&#xF1;o event strengthened the marine heatwave</a> further.
And so &#x201C;the Blob,&#x201D; as oceanographers have dubbed this huge body of warm water, was born.
<figure id="attachment_90683363" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-90683363" style="width: 496px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img class="size-large wp-image-90683363" src="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/w_596,c_limit,q_auto:best,f_auto,fl_lossy/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-1-90683010-west-coast-waters-got-warmer-it-brought-new-species-with-it-496x457.jpg" alt srcset="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-1-90683010-west-coast-waters-got-warmer-it-brought-new-species-with-it-496x457.jpg 496w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-1-90683010-west-coast-waters-got-warmer-it-brought-new-species-with-it-300x276.jpg 300w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-1-90683010-west-coast-waters-got-warmer-it-brought-new-species-with-it-768x707.jpg 768w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-1-90683010-west-coast-waters-got-warmer-it-brought-new-species-with-it.jpg 834w" sizes="(max-width: 496px) 100vw, 496px"><figcaption id="caption-attachment-90683363" class="wp-caption-text">This satellite image from fall 2014 shows the beginnings of the Blob, where red colors represent unusually warm water temperatures. [Image: NOAA/Wikimedia Commons]</figcaption></figure>Interestingly, a number of species moved northward to places along the west coast of the U.S. where the water had previously been too cold for them.
We are a <a href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&amp;user=NSgHy9YAAAAJ" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">marine evolutionary biologist</a> and a <a href="https://www.sanford-lab.com/current-lab" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">marine ecologist</a>, and are currently studying these recent arrivals to the northern California coast. Through our work, we hope to understand what has allowed species to not only move with the Blob, but persist after the water cooled.
<h2>With warm water came new species</h2>
The Blob changed <a href="http://calcofi.org/publications/calcofireports/v56/Vol56-SOTCC.web.31-69.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">weather as well as ocean currents</a>, led to the deaths of <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/150411-Pacific-ocean-sea-lions-birds-climate-warming-drought" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">thousands of marine mammals</a> and <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226087" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">birds</a>, and caused <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL070023" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">harmful algal blooms</a>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-40784-3" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Animals also moved</a> during the years of warm water with the Blob. Species that usually live in more southern, warmer waters <a href="https://doi.org/10.3160/0038-3872-118.1.1" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">expanded their ranges</a> into <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2020.102424" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">northern California</a> and <a href="https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2016.32" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Oregon</a>.
Pelagic red crabs, usually found off the Baja California peninsula, washed up by the hundreds on <a href="https://www.invertebase.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=3186236" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">beaches north of San Francisco</a>. <a href="https://bodegahead.blogspot.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Keen naturalists</a> were surprised to find that populations of bright green sunburst anenomes, giant owl limpets and <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-40784-3" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">pink volcano barnacles</a> had in some places <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-40784-3" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">increased by the hundreds</a>. Ecologists even discovered a new population of angular unicorn snails <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s41200-018-0156-z" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">over 150 miles north of their original range edge</a>.
The Blob was not destined to last forever. It eventually faded away and water temperatures returned to normal.
<figure id="attachment_90683364" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-90683364" style="width: 525px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img class="size-large wp-image-90683364" src="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/w_596,c_limit,q_auto:best,f_auto,fl_lossy/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-2-90683010-west-coast-waters-got-warmer-it-brought-new-species-with-it-782x457.jpg" alt srcset="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-2-90683010-west-coast-waters-got-warmer-it-brought-new-species-with-it-782x457.jpg 782w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-2-90683010-west-coast-waters-got-warmer-it-brought-new-species-with-it-300x175.jpg 300w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-2-90683010-west-coast-waters-got-warmer-it-brought-new-species-with-it-768x449.jpg 768w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-2-90683010-west-coast-waters-got-warmer-it-brought-new-species-with-it-1536x897.jpg 1536w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-2-90683010-west-coast-waters-got-warmer-it-brought-new-species-with-it-2048x1196.jpg 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 525px) 100vw, 525px"><figcaption id="caption-attachment-90683364" class="wp-caption-text">Many species have established new populations far north of their historical limits, as demonstrated in this graphic where the lighter colored bars show the previous range limits and the darker colors show the new range extensions. [Image: Erica Nielsen/Sam Walkes: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">CC BY-ND</a>]</figcaption></figure>
<h2>Cooling temps</h2>
Many species that arrived with the Blob didn&#x2019;t stay within the colder northern waters once the heatwave passed. For example, open water species like the common dolphin <a href="https://climatechange.ucdavis.edu/news/unprecedented-number-of-warm-water-species-moved-northward-during-marine-heatwave/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">followed the warm waters north</a>, then migrated back southward once waters cooled. But many coastal species are sessile&#x2014;meaning they are stuck to rocks for all their adult lives. But these species are not attached to rocks when they are young. During the early larval stages, they ride ocean currents and <a href="https://vimeo.com/227026693" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">can travel dozens of miles</a> to find new coastlines to live on.
The Blob&#x2019;s warm waters and shifting currents allowed the larvae of many species to move far past their northern boundaries while remaining in their environmental comfort zone. However, when the marine heatwave ended, the real survival test began.
<a href="https://www.sanford-lab.com/eric-sanford" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Our</a> <a href="https://naturalreserves.ucdavis.edu/people/jacqueline-sones" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">team</a> has been tracking these northern coastal populations to see which species have persisted post-Blob. Each year our team returns to the cold, wave-pounded northern California shores to monitor existing populations and look for new recruits&#x2014;young individuals that survived their larval stage and successfully settled on rocks.
Every year we are excited to find new barnacle, snail and slug recruits. Of the <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-40784-3" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">37 coastal species</a> our team has been tracking, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-40784-3" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">at least five</a> have maintained small but stable northern populations after the warm waters of the Blob disappeared.
<h2>Who goes from northern tourist to local?</h2>
In addition to monitoring populations, our team is also gathering ecological and evolutionary information about these species. The giant owl limpet is one of the species that has persisted, and we want to identify what traits helped them survive after the Blob ended.
In general, traits that help a species settle in a new environment include the ability to grow and reproduce faster, choose suitable habitats, defend territories or have more offspring. To test some of these ideas, our team is conducting ecological experiments along the California coast, and we are annually recording growth for more than 2,500 individual limpets. We are also experimentally pitting juvenile owl limpets against larger adults and other competing limpet species. We hope that this work will reveal whether the new limpets on the block can grow rapidly while competing with others.
<figure id="attachment_90683367" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-90683367" style="width: 525px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img class="size-large wp-image-90683367" src="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/w_596,c_limit,q_auto:best,f_auto,fl_lossy/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-3-90683010-west-coast-waters-got-warmer-it-brought-new-species-with-it-813x457.jpg" alt srcset="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-3-90683010-west-coast-waters-got-warmer-it-brought-new-species-with-it-813x457.jpg 813w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-3-90683010-west-coast-waters-got-warmer-it-brought-new-species-with-it-300x169.jpg 300w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-3-90683010-west-coast-waters-got-warmer-it-brought-new-species-with-it-768x432.jpg 768w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-3-90683010-west-coast-waters-got-warmer-it-brought-new-species-with-it-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-3-90683010-west-coast-waters-got-warmer-it-brought-new-species-with-it-2048x1152.jpg 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 525px) 100vw, 525px"><figcaption id="caption-attachment-90683367" class="wp-caption-text">Owl Limpets [Photo: Flickr user <a href="https://flickr.com/photos/jkirkhart35/2132223561/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Jerry Kirkhart</a>]</figcaption></figure>But the ecology is only half of the range expansion story. In tandem with the ecological experiments, <a href="https://baylab.github.io/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">our lab</a> is sequencing owl limpet genomes to identify genes that potentially code for traits like faster growth or competitive prowess. It&#x2019;s possible to figure out on a genetic level what is allowing certain species to survive.
<h2>Conserving shifting species in a changing ocean</h2>
Considering the effects of ongoing climate change, it is good news that species can move to track their preferred climate. It&#x2019;s important to note that while <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03732-9" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">species that move due to climate change are not invasive</a>, these shifts can change existing ecosystems. For example, the Hilton&#x2019;s nudibranch, a predatory sea slug, expanded northward during the Blob, which led to a <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-011-1633-7" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">decline in local nudibranchs</a>.
Research shows that <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03732-9" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">marine heatwaves are becoming more common</a> thanks to climate change. By understanding the ecological and evolutionary attributes that allowed some species to endure and even thrive during and after the Blob, we may be able to predict what will allow species to expand further during future marine heatwaves.
The Blob 2.0 is coming; what changes will it bring?
<hr>
<a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/erica-nielsen-1244048" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Erica Nielsen</a> is a postdoctoral researcher in marine biology at the <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-california-davis-1312" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">University of California, Davis</a> and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/sam-walkes-1260606" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Sam Walkes</a> is a Ph.D. student in ecology at the <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-california-davis-1312" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">University of California, Davis</a>
This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/five-years-after-largest-marine-heatwave-on-record-hit-northern-california-coast-many-warm-water-species-have-stuck-around-168053" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">original article</a>.
";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"link";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:199:"https://www.fastcompany.com/90683010/when-west-coast-waters-warmed-up-it-brought-new-species-now-theyre-staying?partner=rss&utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss+fastcompany&utm_content=rss";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"guid";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:111:"https://www.fastcompany.com/90683010/when-west-coast-waters-warmed-up-it-brought-new-species-now-theyre-staying";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:11:"isPermaLink";s:5:"false";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:8:"category";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:6:"Impact";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:7:"pubDate";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:29:"Tue, 05 Oct 2021 11:30:44 GMT";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:32:"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/";a:1:{s:7:"creator";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:30:" Erica Nielsen and Sam Walkes";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:29:"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/";a:1:{s:7:"content";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:0:"";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:5:{s:3:"url";s:173:"https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/w_1280,q_auto,f_auto,fl_lossy/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/p-1-90683010-west-coast-waters-got-warmer-it-brought-new-species-with-it.jpg";s:4:"type";s:10:"image/jpeg";s:6:"medium";s:5:"image";s:5:"width";s:4:"1280";s:6:"height";s:3:"720";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}}}i:6;a:6:{s:4:"data";s:113:"
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:3:{s:0:"";a:6:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:71:"Fighting the Ku Klux Klan in 1958 makes for a great election ad in 2021";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:3233:"Chances are you&#x2019;ve never heard of the Battle of Hayes Pond. Or, if you don&#x2019;t live in North Carolina, the name Charles Graham likely doesn&#x2019;t ring a bell. But with a new congressional ad, the state Assemblymember has made a national impression telling the story about how his community of poor Black, white, and Native Americans kicked the Ku Klux Klan out of town in 1958.
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-width="525" data-dnt="true">
As a legislator, I don&apos;t play politics. I study, listen, and vote my conscience. Those values are absent in Washington today and it&apos;s tearing us apart.
I&apos;m running as a Democrat to represent <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/NC09?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#NC09</a> in the U.S Congress and finally mend our divided spirits. <a href="https://t.co/zE12XZIE9r">pic.twitter.com/zE12XZIE9r</a>
&#x2014; Charles Graham (@CharlesGrahamNC) <a href="https://twitter.com/CharlesGrahamNC/status/1445161817131692037?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">October 4, 2021</a></blockquote>
<script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
The Klan had announced a rally in order to terrorize the local Blacks and Lumbee. But when 50 Klansmen showed up, they were met by 400 angry townspeople. In the ad, Grahams describes it as, &#x201C;Hundreds of normal folks deciding to stand together against ignorance and hate.&#x201D; The New York Times <a href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1958/01/19/83388477.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">story about that night</a> cites 100 Klansmen and 500 Indians.
Then Graham uses his town&#x2019;s history as a way to address the January 6 riots, and the images of the McCloskeys pointing guns at peaceful protesters in St. Louis. &#x201C;A piece of forgotten history worth remembering, especially today,&#x201D; says Graham. &#x201C;In Washington, lies turned to violence, and the biggest lie is that America is at war with itself, that you can&#x2019;t trust your neighbor, that they want something that&#x2019;s yours, that you must live in fear of them.&#x201D;
It&#x2019;s <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90573534/joe-bidens-ads-gave-you-all-the-feels-but-theyre-also-what-hurt-other-democrats" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">a political advertising strategy that worked for Joe Biden</a> in the 2020 presidential election. Just as Biden&#x2019;s &#x201C;Go From There&#x201D; ad used togetherness and dignity as a patriotic emotion, Graham appeals to those who don&#x2019;t want a resurgence of poisoned political rhetoric and daily tweet-fueled chaos, offering a much-needed balm.

What makes Graham&#x2019;s ad really stand out isn&#x2019;t really the broader message of unity and dignity. Great sentiments, to be sure, but it&#x2019;s the specificity of his story, his personal connection to the Battle of Hayes Pond and what it represents. The retweets spreading this spot far and wide, well beyond Graham&#x2019;s congressional district, are a reminder that for any great ad, political or otherwise, a good story well told can go a long, long way.
";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"link";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:164:"https://www.fastcompany.com/90683372/charles-graham-kkk-campaign-ad-congress?partner=rss&utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss+fastcompany&utm_content=rss";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"guid";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:76:"https://www.fastcompany.com/90683372/charles-graham-kkk-campaign-ad-congress";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:11:"isPermaLink";s:5:"false";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:8:"category";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:4:"News";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:7:"pubDate";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:29:"Tue, 05 Oct 2021 11:22:54 GMT";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:32:"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/";a:1:{s:7:"creator";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:9:"Jeff Beer";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:29:"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/";a:1:{s:7:"content";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:0:"";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:5:{s:3:"url";s:184:"https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/w_1280,q_auto,f_auto,fl_lossy/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/p-2-Fighting-the-Klan-in-1958-makes-for-a-great-2021-election-ad-for-Charles-Graham.jpg";s:4:"type";s:10:"image/jpeg";s:6:"medium";s:5:"image";s:5:"width";s:4:"1280";s:6:"height";s:3:"720";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}}}i:7;a:6:{s:4:"data";s:113:"
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:3:{s:0:"";a:6:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:70:"Why it’s time small and midsize businesses embrace the AI revolution";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:6990:"Sometimes changes in technology arrive amid such fanfare it&#x2019;s hard to miss them. Smartphones that turned personal computing on its head. The jet engine that shrank the world and opened travel for everyone. Global positioning systems that made it easy to do everything from tracking a hurricane to delivering a pizza. The impact, even if it unfolded over a decade or more, was visible, explosive and undeniable. They arrived, we changed, and no one was surprised.&#xA0;
Yet perhaps the most dramatic technology change since humans first learned to smelt metal and turn useless rocks into transformation tools has, despite all the talk and hype, already arrived. And it&#x2019;s easy to miss&#x2014;just like the silicon chip, hidden away in all those other technologies but powering transformative change. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been talked up for so long it would be easy to imagine it was no more than hype and scaremongering.
But make no mistake, AI is here and it&#x2019;s changing our entire economy right under our noses.
<h2>No longer just for big organizations</h2>
While governments and big businesses have been using expensive and complex AI tools for a while now, it is the advent of AI in the world of small and medium businesses (SMB)that is rewriting the rules of commerce. Highly focused AI tools, built and optimized to solve specific sets of business challenges are available to everyone, delivered through the ubiquitous cloud and accessed through smartphones in the pocket of everyone from the CEO to the customer service rep.
Small businesses are using AI to solve a slew of problems that were, until recently, simply too complex to manage, too expensive to address or required highly skilled and scarce data-scientist expertise.
From how to price a carton of paper cups to what training your engineers will need to meet the challenges of your expanding business, AI is attacking all manner of business planning and operational problems, crunching data, and offering up insights, advice, and the ability to respond faster to changes than ever before. And, guess what, no one really cares how it&#x2019;s being done&#x2014;only that it&#x2019;s making their lives easier.
At their heart&#x2014;AI today is being used to address two sets of challenges.
The first are essentially operational tasks. How to run the business better, for example.&#xA0; These include tools to analyze everything from pricing and sales strategy, through to optimizing which vendors to buy from. AI technologies watch the ebb and flow of business and determine what levels of stock to hold for particular items. They are even increasingly used for the &#x2018;softer&#x2019; aspects of management, such as deciding how to make sure your key employees are happy and even which employees might be likely to leave your business if they&#x2019;re not. Such tools can be invaluable in maximizing revenue even for an SMB where a tiny change in pricing can deliver huge growth in profitability &#x2013; yet too often managers are unable to make the critical, data-based choices to tune their pricing and packaging. Likewise identifying, through a slew of metrics gathered over time, which key employees might be unhappy or at risk and therefore make changes to people strategies, can be life or death to a small business.
In all these cases, the AI tools aren&#x2019;t making the decisions themselves, but rather offering up insights based on evaluating historical data, gathering behavioral data and making forward-looking projects, so that managers are better informed and understand the likely implications of choices.&#xA0;
The second set of tools are focused on how businesses interact with the outside world &#x2013; especially their customers.
These range from traditional website chat bots that offer recommendations or answer simple questions to tools that record and analyze sales calls to determine how to improve customer interactions. AI is also used heavily to help deliver overall better customer service, analyzing everything from optimal routes to keep your pizza delivery on time to how long a buyer looks at a product before adding it to their shopping cart. Even the simple process of walking around a grocery store might be the subject of AI interest as machine learning tools look for ways to get the right product in front of a buyer at just the right time to get a sale.
<h2>The &#x2018;secret sauce&#x2019;</h2>
In the end, what&#x2019;s happening is that AI is becoming the secret sauce in almost every aspect of business, from major enterprises to small businesses. The really transformative aspect is how available these tools now are for even very small businesses to use, embedded in cloud services and available from smartphones or tablets. And, like that global positioning system, today&#x2019;s employers and employees care less about what&#x2019;s inside and more about how it makes their lives easier.
The AI revolution hasn&#x2019;t been one of sudden, glorious revelations with all-knowing intelligent machines suddenly emerging on the landscape. Nor has it been one in which AI has started throwing ordinary working people out on the street, as many had predicted. Rather, the role of AI in small businesses has been more subtle, more pervasive and more beneficial. 
 
AI for the SMB has freed business owners, managers and regular employees to focus on other, more human aspects of their job by offering up suggestions, improvements and guidance. Free to make better choices in how businesses are run and armed with insight on how to offer better service to their customers, leaders in the SMB world can now focus on what we humans do best of all &#x2013; being creative, empathic and very, very human.
And that&#x2019;s something to be thankful for.
<hr>
Geoff Webb is VP for solutions, product, and marketing strategy at<a href="https://www.isolvedhcm.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> isolved</a>, a human capital management (HCM) system for small-to-midsize companies,&#xA0;
<hr>
";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"link";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:192:"https://www.fastcompany.com/90680614/why-its-time-small-and-midsize-businesses-embrace-the-ai-revolution?partner=rss&utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss+fastcompany&utm_content=rss";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"guid";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:104:"https://www.fastcompany.com/90680614/why-its-time-small-and-midsize-businesses-embrace-the-ai-revolution";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:11:"isPermaLink";s:5:"false";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:8:"category";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:9:"Work Life";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:7:"pubDate";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:29:"Tue, 05 Oct 2021 10:00:05 GMT";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:32:"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/";a:1:{s:7:"creator";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:10:"Geoff Webb";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:29:"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/";a:1:{s:7:"content";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:0:"";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:5:{s:3:"url";s:172:"https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/w_1280,q_auto,f_auto,fl_lossy/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/p-1-why-its-time-small-and-midsize-businesses-embrace-the-ai-revolution.jpg";s:4:"type";s:10:"image/jpeg";s:6:"medium";s:5:"image";s:5:"width";s:4:"1280";s:6:"height";s:3:"720";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}}}i:8;a:6:{s:4:"data";s:113:"
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:3:{s:0:"";a:6:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:55:"To do inspired work, you need to know when to slow down";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:9088:"Recently, my friend said something to me that had been reiterated several times during the pandemic lockdown: &#x201C;All we have is time.&#x201D; The topic of the conversation eludes me, but those words really rang true in that moment.
Again: &#x201C;All we have is time.&#x201D; We always had the time, and we had just misappropriated it. I think about school and my kids. They would wake up at 6:45 a.m. We&#x2019;d have to be leaving by 7:40 to get to school by 8:00. If traffic was light, I&#x2019;d get back home or to the gym by 8:30. Then, for the 3:00 p.m. pickup, we&#x2019;d have to leave by 2:40 and typically returned by 3:30. They&#x2019;d then have homework and maybe be done with that by 4:15. We spent more than three hours getting ready, driving, picking up, and completing homework.
But our homeschooling was an hour of reading and writing, an hour of math, and then several hours of following their curiosity. My work schedule continued to be three days a week during the lockdown. So, unlike many other people, we had plenty of time to find a rhythm with work, schooling, and family time.
But much of this was by design&#x2014;in fact, years of design. We had been undoing social norms and expectations to ask how we could optimize all our brains and lives within the family. The conventional view, which has the fingerprints of the Industrialists all over it, looks like this:
Work 40 or more hours per week, Monday through Friday. In addition to the actual work time, spend two hours before work commuting, getting ready, packing lunches, and getting the kids off to school. After work, commute home, get the kids&#x2019; homework going, make a healthy meal (or if you&#x2019;re stressed get take-out), spend an hour doing something you enjoy if you are lucky, and then get the kids ready for bed. If you have the energy, watch Netflix and drink some wine and call it a &#x201C;date night&#x201D; with someone you love. Repeat until Friday. Then on the weekend, straighten the house, attend a soccer game, maybe go out with friends. On Sunday, start to feel anxiety and stress about the coming week. Get some groceries and plan the coming week.
You&#x2019;ll feel happy from 4:00 p.m. on Friday, while anticipating the weekend, until about dinnertime on Saturday when you begin to brace yourself for the coming workweek. That&#x2019;s what you&#x2019;re allowed, 26 hours of time that you feel free.
<figure id="attachment_90683180" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-90683180" style="width: 198px" class="wp-caption alignleft"><img class="size-medium wp-image-90683180" src="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/w_596,c_limit,q_auto:best,f_auto,fl_lossy/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/TITNF_cover-198x300.jpg" alt srcset="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/TITNF_cover-198x300.jpg 198w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/TITNF_cover-302x457.jpg 302w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/TITNF_cover-768x1164.jpg 768w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/TITNF_cover-1013x1536.jpg 1013w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/TITNF_cover-1351x2048.jpg 1351w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/TITNF_cover.jpg 1827w" sizes="(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px"><figcaption id="caption-attachment-90683180" class="wp-caption-text">Thursday is the New Friday: How to Work Fewer Hours, Make More Money and Spend Time Doing What you Want by Joe Sanok</figcaption></figure>
Recently on the &#x201C;Making Sense&#x201D; podcast, host Sam Harris was interviewing Daniel Markovits, author of The Meritocracy Trap. Markovits noted that the super rich are now working significantly more hours than the previous generation of wealthy people. Hours worked is the new status symbol of the rich. If all we have is time, why do many of us feel so busy?
I remember the story of the race between the tortoise and the hare. The tortoise starts out really slow. The hare almost gets to the finish line but becomes arrogant in his lead and decides to sit next to a tree. The hare falls asleep, and the slow and steady tortoise passes the hare to win the race.
The point of this story is to teach perseverance and to see value in other ways of being when the addiction to speed compels us to rush through everything. Our need to do everything quicker, to seamlessly multitask, and to always be &#x201C;on&#x201D; to meet growing demand can feel like accomplishment. The approach that I teach certainly values hard work and forward movement, but all while balancing the need to slow down to recover, regroup, and allow for insight about what you should most be engaged in.
I&#x2019;m rooting for the hare. The hare runs his fastest, but he knows when to stop and relax a bit. He just needed to set a timer to wake up. It&#x2019;s the tortoise that represents the nonstop movement narrative. Be slow and steady, instead of inspired and tired.
I&#x2019;ll take being inspired and tired any day. It&#x2019;s the difference between playing music in the background all day and intentionally choosing to listen to music. When it&#x2019;s just playing, you tune it out, go in and out of your thoughts, and it&#x2019;s just a layer of your environment. Whereas, when you intentionally listen to dance music with your kids or friends, you jam to every song. Each song is the focus.
The tortoise represents nonstop movement; the hare is inspired and tired. As professionals set up their practices, or as anyone makes the move from a more structured environment in their job to owning their own business, it is easy to stay too busy to notice little things or have any deep thoughts about what you are doing. In other words, you may be living what you thought was your dream, but are you creating the time to take it all in?
Before we can learn to slow down, we need to recognize and deconstruct the barriers blocking our way. These blocks include nonstop access. We can have almost anything instantly and, as a result, we&#x2019;ve created a world where we are available nonstop. Businesses can create profits all day and night, and our natural brain pacing is disrupted.
Our brains are wired less like the tortoise&#x2019;s and more like the hare&#x2019;s. In general, we&#x2019;re better at sprinting toward goals and then resting. Nonstop movement (even if it is slow like the tortoise) is not natural. As a society, we&#x2019;re addicted to nonstop movement forward. We feel like we have to do something, rather than rest. The hare actually got it right.
<hr>
Excerpted from <a href="https://www.harpercollinsfocus.com/9781400225989/thursday-is-the-new-friday/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Thursday is the New Friday: How to Work Fewer Hours, Make More Money, and Spend Time Doing What You Want </a>by Joe Sanok Copyright &#xA9; 2021 by Joe Sanok. Published with permission from <a href="https://harpercollinsleadership.com." target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">HarperCollins Leadership</a>.
Joe Sanok&#x202F;is a psychotherapist and author. He also hosts the podcast <a href="https://www.practiceofthepractice.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">&#x201C;The Practice of Practice,&#x201D;</a> where he interviews authors, scholars, experts, business leaders, and innovators. 

";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"link";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:179:"https://www.fastcompany.com/90682925/to-do-inspired-work-you-need-to-know-when-to-slow-down?partner=rss&utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss+fastcompany&utm_content=rss";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"guid";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:91:"https://www.fastcompany.com/90682925/to-do-inspired-work-you-need-to-know-when-to-slow-down";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:11:"isPermaLink";s:5:"false";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:8:"category";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:9:"Work Life";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:7:"pubDate";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:29:"Tue, 05 Oct 2021 09:00:52 GMT";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:32:"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/";a:1:{s:7:"creator";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:9:"Joe Sanok";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:29:"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/";a:1:{s:7:"content";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:0:"";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:5:{s:3:"url";s:161:"https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/w_1280,q_auto,f_auto,fl_lossy/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/p-1-why-inspired-work-may-occasionally-push-you-to-the-brink.jpg";s:4:"type";s:10:"image/jpeg";s:6:"medium";s:5:"image";s:5:"width";s:4:"1280";s:6:"height";s:3:"720";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}}}i:9;a:6:{s:4:"data";s:113:"
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:3:{s:0:"";a:6:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:84:"Forget old men on horseback. This is what the monuments of the future will look like";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:10520:"New York City&#x2019;s Union Square Park has long been a mirror of the times. In 1882, 10,000 workers marched in America&#x2019;s first <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90396759/the-history-of-union-square-the-public-square-that-hosted-the-first-labor-day-parade" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Labor Day Parade</a>, which culminated at the park. In 2018, pro-choice activists rallied in the park after Trump nominated Brett Kavanaugh to the Supreme Court.
Union Square Park opened to the public in 1839, but it wasn&#x2019;t until it was redesigned some 30 years later, by Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux, that it became a public forum and a gathering place in the name of social justice. Last Friday, a crowd gathered again in the park, this time to welcome a trio of sculptures.
<figure id="attachment_90683266" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-90683266" style="width: 525px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img class="size-large wp-image-90683266" src="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/w_596,c_limit,q_auto:best,f_auto,fl_lossy/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/02-90682978-forget-old-men-on-horseback-this-is-what-813x457.jpg" alt srcset="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/02-90682978-forget-old-men-on-horseback-this-is-what-813x457.jpg 813w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/02-90682978-forget-old-men-on-horseback-this-is-what-300x169.jpg 300w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/02-90682978-forget-old-men-on-horseback-this-is-what-768x432.jpg 768w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/02-90682978-forget-old-men-on-horseback-this-is-what-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/02-90682978-forget-old-men-on-horseback-this-is-what.jpg 1618w" sizes="(max-width: 525px) 100vw, 525px"><figcaption id="caption-attachment-90683266" class="wp-caption-text">[Photo: Jane Kratochvil]</figcaption></figure>Facing each other on the south plaza, two larger-than-life busts of George Floyd and Breonna Taylor rose above the crowd. A third statue of the late Representative John Lewis&#x2014;a prominent civil rights leader who spent more than three decades in Congress&#x2014;stood between them. Standing on three plinths, the busts are part of a new exhibit titled &#x201C;Seeinjustice&#x201D; that builds on the park&#x2019;s history as a democratic place&#x2014;and puts the need to keep fighting for social justice on a literal pedestal.
In March 2020, Breonna Taylor, a Black medical worker, was shot and killed during a botched police raid at her home in Louisville, Kentucky. Two months later, George Floyd&#x2019;s murder at the hands of Minneapolis police officer Derek Chauvin, ignited a nationwide movement for social justice.
<figure id="attachment_90683270" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-90683270" style="width: 525px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img class="size-large wp-image-90683270" src="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/w_596,c_limit,q_auto:best,f_auto,fl_lossy/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/06-90682978-forget-old-men-on-horseback-this-is-what-813x457.jpg" alt srcset="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/06-90682978-forget-old-men-on-horseback-this-is-what-813x457.jpg 813w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/06-90682978-forget-old-men-on-horseback-this-is-what-300x169.jpg 300w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/06-90682978-forget-old-men-on-horseback-this-is-what-768x432.jpg 768w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/06-90682978-forget-old-men-on-horseback-this-is-what-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/06-90682978-forget-old-men-on-horseback-this-is-what.jpg 1623w" sizes="(max-width: 525px) 100vw, 525px"><figcaption id="caption-attachment-90683270" class="wp-caption-text">[Photo: Jane Kratochvil]</figcaption></figure>In many ways, their busts are a symbol of this movement. Standing 10 feet tall, the sculptures by Chris Carnabuci are made of layers of precision-carved wood that was coated in metallic bronze paint. While striking, the paint reflects more than an aesthetic choice&#x2014;it also helps &#x201C;mitigate [any] damage,&#x201D; according to Carnabuci. And in fact, just one day after being installed, George Floyd&#x2019;s bust was vandalized by a man who threw a container of grayish-blue paint on the sculpture. (Carnabuci decided to paint the bust to protect it after the same sculpture was <a href="https://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/george-floyd-statue-vandalized-days-after-emotional-brooklyn-debut/3123362/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">defaced</a>&#xA0;earlier this year.)
<figure id="attachment_90683271" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-90683271" style="width: 525px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img class="size-large wp-image-90683271" src="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/w_596,c_limit,q_auto:best,f_auto,fl_lossy/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/07-90682978-forget-old-men-on-horseback-this-is-what-813x457.jpg" alt srcset="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/07-90682978-forget-old-men-on-horseback-this-is-what-813x457.jpg 813w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/07-90682978-forget-old-men-on-horseback-this-is-what-300x169.jpg 300w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/07-90682978-forget-old-men-on-horseback-this-is-what-768x432.jpg 768w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/07-90682978-forget-old-men-on-horseback-this-is-what-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/07-90682978-forget-old-men-on-horseback-this-is-what.jpg 1623w" sizes="(max-width: 525px) 100vw, 525px"><figcaption id="caption-attachment-90683271" class="wp-caption-text">[Photo: Jane Kratochvil]</figcaption></figure>&#x201C;After completing the first Floyd sculpture, I did one of Breonna and then John Lewis, who I always admired and viewed as an elder statesman in the cause for justice for all,&#x201D; says Carnabuci. &#x201C;My intention was to create an environment where we can share and listen to each other&#x2019;s opinions, without violence.&#x201D;
<figure id="attachment_90683267" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-90683267" style="width: 525px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img class="size-large wp-image-90683267" src="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/w_596,c_limit,q_auto:best,f_auto,fl_lossy/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/03-90682978-forget-old-men-on-horseback-this-is-what-685x457.jpg" alt srcset="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/03-90682978-forget-old-men-on-horseback-this-is-what-685x457.jpg 685w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/03-90682978-forget-old-men-on-horseback-this-is-what-300x200.jpg 300w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/03-90682978-forget-old-men-on-horseback-this-is-what-768x513.jpg 768w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/03-90682978-forget-old-men-on-horseback-this-is-what-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/03-90682978-forget-old-men-on-horseback-this-is-what.jpg 1618w" sizes="(max-width: 525px) 100vw, 525px"><figcaption id="caption-attachment-90683267" class="wp-caption-text">[Photo: Jane Kratochvil]</figcaption></figure>The exhibition was created by Confront Art, an organization that was formed in 2020 and works with artists like Carnabuci to create public art that brings awareness to social justice causes. &#x201C;It was always our vision to host this exhibition in Union Square,&#x201D; says cofounder Lindsay Eshelman. &#x201C;[It] has been a gathering spot for free speech and assembly for over a century.&#x201D;
Union Square first gained its reputation as a site for political rallies during the Civil War. In recent history, it was a site of solidarity in the aftermath of 9/11, it played host to rallies contesting the election of Donald Trump in 2016, and it welcomed protesters calling to defund the police in 2020. &#x201C;Many important moments have been marked in this location,&#x201D; says Jennifer Falk, executive director of the Union Square Partnership, the nonprofit that helped organize the exhibition together with NYC Parks. &#x201C;We&#x2019;re very proud of that history as being a place where New Yorkers congregate.&#x201D;
Indeed, this is a place where people meet. Before the pandemic, Falk says about 36 million people came through the 14th Street&#x2013;Union Square subway stop each year. The numbers may have dwindled during last year&#x2019;s lockdowns, but the park is in the midst of a $100 million makeover to make it more pedestrian-friendly&#x2014;and bring it back to life.
Earlier this year, the park welcomed &#x201C;<a href="https://www.unionsquarenyc.org/unionsquareblog/2021/6/25/welcome-midabis-the-only-other-to-the-square" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The Only Other</a>,&#x201D; a large-scale sculptural text by Soho artist Midabi. &#x201C;It&#x2019;s a call to wake people up and remind them that we need to constantly be invested in the world around us because the only other thing is nothing,&#x201D; says Falk, noting that the call to action applies to everything from social justice to climate change.
Midabi&#x2019;s sculpture will remain in the park for a year, but the &#x201C;Seeinjustice&#x201D; exhibit will only be around until October 31. The sculptures will then tour other cities and eventually be auctioned off, with proceeds going to charities involved, including <a href="https://www.johnandlillianmileslewisfoundation.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">John and Lillian Miles Lewis Foundation</a>&#xA0;and <a href="https://wearefloyd.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">We Are Floyd</a>, the nonprofit created by George Floyd&#x2019;s brother Terrence Floyd. &#x201C;When people visit these three sculptures in Union Square Park, I want them to walk away with a change of heart and understanding of what people of color have endured over the years,&#x201D; says Terrence Floyd. &#x201C;We are all human, with human rights, and have a purpose in this world.&#x201D;
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 ";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:3:{s:0:"";a:6:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:75:"Here’s what would make returning to the office easier for younger workers";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:7074:"A recent New York Times <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/26/business/economy/return-office-young-workers.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">article</a> described the concerns millennials have about returning to the office, such as psychological well-being, policies around flexibility, and the return of a long commute. Likewise, a 2020 report from Citrix found only <a href="https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210525005061/en/Born-Digital-Poised-to-Deliver-Substantial-Economic-Gains-%E2%80%93-But-They%E2%80%99ll-Need-Some-Help" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10%</a> of young adults are interested in returning to the office full-time&#x2014;with most preferring a hybrid model, in which they are given the opportunity to continue working remotely.
In my discussions with young adults and students of mine at Rutgers University, many are cautiously optimistic about returning to the workplace. However, they have questions for organizations. Mainly, they want to understand what organizations are doing to protect workers. Further, they wonder if managers will give them time to adjust as they return to the office.
<h2>Where young adults prefer to work</h2>
After surveying my classes, which consisted of 80 early-career individuals, a few preferences were revealed. Consistent with other findings, about one in two young adults (48%) preferred a hybrid model. The second most popular choice was to work onsite full-time (39%). Taken together, 87% of the participants want to work, at least some days, in the office. The results were unexpected, taking into consideration my preliminary reading. And it contrasted with <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90673558/this-is-how-each-generation-is-feeling-about-returning-to-the-office" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">other studies</a> that found millennials are less interested in returning to the workplace.
What accounts for the differences? My sense is young adults are looking to solve a challenge they&#x2019;ve experienced for almost two years: <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90559560/how-managers-can-help-employees-handle-loneliness-and-isolation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">social isolation</a>.
<h2>Concerns young adults have about returning to the office 
</h2>
<ul>
<li>Safety. Like most employees returning to the workplace, young adults are concerned about being exposed to the virus, including sharing workspaces. Here is one comment from my discussions: &#x201C;My company recently adopted &#x2018;hot desking,&#x2019; which means multiple people are working on a single desk on a rotational schedule. My fear is sharing a desk with someone [who] is sick [with COVID-19].&#x201D;</li>
<li>Long commutes. Another concern includes long commutes and being exposed to the virus while riding on public transportation and rideshares. For instance, one young adult expressed concern over being trapped in a small space. &#x201C;While riding on a bus, it broke down. Another bus came to get us, but we were packed in like sardines, and I worried about getting the virus, despite everyone wearing masks.&#x201D;</li>
<li>Social interactions. Another concern young adults have is related to interacting with others. While practicing social distancing and wearing a mask is something young adults are used to, it&#x2019;s difficult to know how to interact with others in the workplace. One survey respondent shared: &#x201C;Interacting with people online versus interacting with people in person has different norms.&#x201D;</li>
</ul>
<h2>Steps to transition back to a physical space</h2>
Therefore, what can managers do to ease the transition into the workplace?
<ol>
<li>Leverage the time everyone is in the office. One of the main reasons young adults want to be in the office is for meeting and socializing with other people. Therefore, it will be helpful if managers organize activities that enable interaction. For example, managers should try having in-person meetings depending on the number of people on their team. Also, managers can organize outdoor team lunches. Managers can host project &#x201C;brown bag&#x201D; gatherings. Employees can give updates about their current work and ask for advice on areas where they&#x2019;ve gotten stuck. Finally, managers can facilitate introductions between young adults and other people in the organization.</li>
<li>However, avoid morning sessions. Young adults that have worked or gone to school remotely have gotten used to having the first couple of hours each morning to organize themselves. Therefore, while managers should leverage the time employees are in the office&#x2014;it will help to give young adults the first couple of hours in the day to work on their own. Also, it will put less pressure on young adults as they figure out how to navigate traffic (if they drive) or commute on public transportation. For example, young adults can commute during off-peak times when it&#x2019;s less crowded.</li>
<li>Build awareness, and don&#x2019;t forget safety protocols. Offices have taken various steps to make the workplaces safer (i.e., enforcing masks requirements, changing filters, sanitizing desks). Some offices have updated their <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/11/health/coronavirus-reopening-office.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ventilation and filtrations systems</a>. However, what good are these steps if employees are not aware of the changes that have taken place? Therefore, managers can give young adults a cheat sheet that explains the organization&#x2019;s steps to make the environment safer.</li>
</ol>
Managers can also give their employees the option of using Zoom, even if they are <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/09/27/return-to-work-in-person-hybrid/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">in the office</a>. For example, employees could be comfortable working at their desks, but they may not want to be in a roomful of people during meetings. Finally, if your organization is leveraging &#x201C;hoteling&#x201D; work space or hot desks, ensure that employees follow <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/30/business/office-return-space.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">cleaning protocols</a> before and after using the space.
Overall, the key to making young adults feel safe in the workplace is to act with transparency (like, by communicating safety protocols), provide flexibility, and organize activities that enable them to build relationships with coworkers.
<hr>
Kyra Leigh Sutton, PhD, is a faculty member at Rutgers University School of Management and Labor Relations in New Brunswick, New Jersey. Her research interests include the development and retention of early-career employees.
&#xA0;
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 ";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:3:{s:0:"";a:6:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:75:"These are the best and worst college majors for earning potential right now";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:3907:"Whether you attend in person or online, a college degree still costs a pretty penny. The <a href="https://educationdata.org/average-cost-of-college" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">average cost</a> of a four-year education is $35,720 per student per year, and the average student loan debt is now north of $37,500. So it makes sense to choose a career path wisely while you&#x2019;re still an undergrad. No surprise that science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) subjects scored high. But the bottom majors may surprise you.
According to a recent analysis from Bankrate, the top five &#x201C;most valuable&#x201D; majors were:
<table style="width: 100%;" border="1" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width: 6.80174%;">Rank</td>
<td style="width: 32.5615%;">College Major</td>
<td style="width: 15.7742%;">Median Income</td>
<td style="width: 22.7207%;">Unemployment Rate</td>
<td style="width: 20.9841%;">Higher Degree Holders</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 6.80174%;">1</td>
<td style="width: 32.5615%;">Architectural Engineering</td>
<td style="width: 15.7742%;">$90,000</td>
<td style="width: 22.7207%;">1.3%</td>
<td style="width: 20.9841%;">29.3%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 6.80174%;">2</td>
<td style="width: 32.5615%;">Construction Services</td>
<td style="width: 15.7742%;">$80,000</td>
<td style="width: 22.7207%;">1.0%</td>
<td style="width: 20.9841%;">12.1%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 6.80174%;">3</td>
<td style="width: 32.5615%;">Computer Engineering</td>
<td style="width: 15.7742%;">$101,000</td>
<td style="width: 22.7207%;">2.3%</td>
<td style="width: 20.9841%;">39.7%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 6.80174%;">4</td>
<td style="width: 32.5615%;">Aerospace Engineering</td>
<td style="width: 15.7742%;">$100,000</td>
<td style="width: 22.7207%;">1.9%</td>
<td style="width: 20.9841%;">50.7%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 6.80174%;">5</td>
<td style="width: 32.5615%;">Transportation Sciences and Technologies</td>
<td style="width: 15.7742%;">$86,000</td>
<td style="width: 22.7207%;">1.8%</td>
<td style="width: 20.9841%;">21.1%</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
Clinical psychology proves to be a science that doesn&#x2019;t score high points, most likely because those with only undergraduate degrees are in low-paying social work positions, many at nonprofits. Arts degrees round out the bottom ranks with their traditionally low pay and high unemployment rates&#x2014;especially over this last pandemic year.
<table border="1" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Rank</td>
<td>College Major</td>
<td>Median Income</td>
<td>Unemployment Rate</td>
<td>Higher Degree Holders</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>155</td>
<td>Clinical Psychology</td>
<td>$49,000</td>
<td>3.8%</td>
<td>78.1%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>156</td>
<td>Composition and Speech</td>
<td>$42,000</td>
<td>4.9%</td>
<td>30.4%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>157</td>
<td>Drama and Theater Arts</td>
<td>$41,000</td>
<td>4.5%</td>
<td>31.4%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>158</td>
<td>Miscellaneous Fine Arts</td>
<td>$38,000</td>
<td>5.6%</td>
<td>16.7%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>159</td>
<td>Visual and Performing Arts</td>
<td>$35,500</td>
<td>3.6%</td>
<td>28.7%</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
To get these rankings, Bankrate analyzed the most recent data from the Census Bureau&#x2019;s American Community Survey and scored 159 college majors based on three factors. Each was weighted: median income (70%), unemployment rate (20%), and the percentage of people with an advanced degree (10%).
Check out the <a href="https://www.bankrate.com/loans/student-loans/most-valuable-college-majors/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">full list here</a> and see how your major stacks up.
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 ";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:3:{s:0:"";a:6:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:75:"CGI influencers are here. Who’s profiting from them should give you pause";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:12236:"Social media influencers&#x2014;people famous primarily for posting content online&#x2014;are often accused of presenting artificial versions of their lives. But one group in particular is blurring the line between real and fake.
Created by tech-savvy teams using computer-generated imagery, <a href="https://www.insider.com/cgi-influencers-what-are-they-where-did-they-come-from-2019-8" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">CGI, </a>or <a href="https://www.thedrum.com/news/2020/03/20/even-better-the-real-thing-meet-the-virtual-influencers-taking-over-your-feeds" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">virtual influencers,</a> look and act like real people, but are in fact merely digital images with a curated online presence.
Virtual influencers like Miquela Sousa (<a href="https://www.instagram.com/lilmiquela/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">known as Lil Miquela</a>) have become increasingly attractive <a href="https://www.balmain.com/gb/balmain/balmains-new-virtual-army" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">to brands</a>. They can be altered to look, act, and speak however brands desire, and don&#x2019;t have to <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2020-10-29/lil-miquela-lol-s-seraphine-virtual-influencers-make-more-real-money-than-ever" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">physically travel</a> to photo shoots&#x2014;a particular draw during the pandemic.
But what can be a lack of transparency about who creates and profits from CGI influencers comes with its own set of problems.
CGI influencers mirror their human counterparts, with well-followed social media profiles, high-definition selfies, and an awareness of trending topics. And like human influencers, they appear in different body types, ages, genders, and ethnicities. A closer look at the diversity among CGI influencers&#x2014;and who is responsible for it&#x2014; raises questions about colonialism, cultural appropriation, and exploitation.
Human influencers often have teams of publicists and agents behind them, but ultimately, they have control over their own work and personality. What happens then, when an influencer is created by someone with a different life experience, or a different ethnicity?
For centuries, Black people&#x2014;especially women&#x2014;have been objectified and exoticized by white people in pursuit of profit. While this is evident across many sectors, the fashion industry is particularly known for appropriating and commodifying Black culture in ways that elevate the work and status of white creators. The creation of racialized CGI influencers to make a profit for largely white creators and white-owned businesses is a modern example of this.
<h2>Questions of authenticity</h2>
The sheen of CGI influencers&#x2019; surface-level image does not mask what they really symbolize: a demand for marketable, lifelike, <a href="https://qz.com/quartzy/1375838/dont-call-balmains-cgi-models-diversity/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">&#x201C;diverse&#x201D; characters</a> that can be easily altered to suit the whims of brands.
I recently gave evidence to a U.K. Parliamentary inquiry into <a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/work/1126/influencer-culture/news/156518/experts-to-appear-before-mps-examining-impact-on-popular-culture/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">influencer culture</a>, where I argued that it reflects and reinforces structural inequalities, including racism and sexism. This is evident in reports of <a href="https://www.cosmopolitan.com/uk/reports/a35352031/race-inequality-influencer-pay-gap/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">racial pay gaps</a> in the industry, and the relentless <a href="https://www.colorlines.com/articles/new-study-confirms-black-women-are-most-abused-group-twitter" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">online abuse and harassment</a> directed at Black women.
CGI influencers are not exempt from such issues&#x2014;and their existence raises even more complex and interesting questions about digital representation, power, and profit. <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1527476420983745" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">My research</a> on CGI influencer culture has explored the relationship between racialization, racial capitalism, and Black CGI influencers. I argue that Black CGI influencers symbolize the deeply oppressive fixation on, objectification of, and disregard for Black people at the <a href="https://www.npr.org/2019/11/10/778015473/lauren-michele-jackson-on-white-negroes" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">core of consumer culture</a>.
Critiques of influencers often focus on <a href="https://www.dazeddigital.com/life-culture/article/44850/1/influencer-era-over-evolving-instagram-bloggers" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">transparency</a> and their <a href="https://www.vox.com/the-goods/22323961/meghan-markle-fakery-piers-morgan-authenticity" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">alleged &#x201C;authenticity.</a>&#x201D; But despite their growing popularity, CGI influencers&#x2014;and the creative teams behind them&#x2014;have largely escaped this scrutiny.
As more brands <a href="https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/126357/24/Woke-washing%20-%20%27Intersectional%27%20femvertising%20and%20branding%20%27woke%27%20bravery%20%28Francesca%20Sobande%29%20-%20PDF%20-%20v3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">align themselves</a> with activism, working with <a href="https://www.vox.com/the-goods/2019/6/3/18647626/instagram-virtual-influencers-lil-miquela-ai-startups" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">supposedly &#x201C;activist&#x201D;</a> CGI influencers could improve their optics without doing anything of substance to address structural inequalities. These partnerships may trivialize and distort actual activist work.
When brands engage with CGI influencers in ways <a href="https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/social-justice-cgi-advertising-brud/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">distinctly tied</a> to their alleged social justice credentials, it promotes the false notion that CGI influencers are activists. This deflects from the reality that they are not agents of change, but a byproduct of digital technology and consumer culture.
<h2>Keeping it real</h2>
<a href="https://www.thediigitals.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The Diigitals</a> has been described as the world&#x2019;s first modeling agency for <a href="https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/lifestyle/article/the-diigitals-virtual-models" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">virtual celebrities</a>. Its website currently showcases seven digital models, four of whom are constructed to appear as Black through their skin color, hair texture, and physical features.
The roster of models includes <a href="https://www.thediigitals.com/shudu" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Shudu</a> (@shudu.gram), who was developed to resemble a dark-skinned Black woman. But it has been argued that Shudu, like many other CGI models, was created through the <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/shudu-gram-is-a-white-mans-digital-projection-of-real-life-black-womanhood" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">white male gaze</a>, reflecting the power of white and patriarchal perspectives in society.

<a href="https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/the-diigitals-and-daz-3d-release-nfts-of-shudu-the-worlds-first-digital-supermodel-301258380.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Shudu&#x2019;s</a> kaleidoscope of Instagram posts include <a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/B3m-8gbBvOL/?hl=en" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">an image of her</a> wearing earrings in the shape of the continent of Africa.
One photo caption <a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/BztB82SBvjg/?hl=en" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">reads</a>: &#x201C;The most beautiful thing about the ocean is the diversity within it.&#x201D; This language suggests Shudu is used to show how The Diigitals &#x201C;values&#x201D; racial diversity&#x2014;but I argue the existence of such models shows a disrespect and distortion of Black women.
We approached The Diigitals for comment, and founder Cameron-James Wilson said: &#x201C;This article feels very one-sided.&#x201D; He added: &#x201C;I don&#x2019;t see any reference to the amazing real women involved in my work and not having them mentioned disregards their contributions to the industry.&#x201D; The Diigitals did not provide further comment. This article was expanded to make a more substantial reference to the real women The Diigitals works with.
Creations like Shudu and <a href="https://www.thediigitals.com/koffi" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Koffi</a> (@koffi.gram), another Diigitals model, I would argue, show how the objectification of Black people, and the <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1527476420983745" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">commodification of Blackness,</a> underpins elements of CGI influencer culture. Marketable mimicry of Black aesthetics and the styles of Black people is apparent in <a href="https://bricksmagazine.co.uk/2020/06/29/black-culture-in-fashion-a-brief-history-of-trends-that-originated-from-black-communities/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">other industries</a> too.
CGI influencers are another example of the colonialist ways in which Black people and their cultures can be <a href="https://www.vox.com/the-goods/2019/12/5/20995415/lauren-jackson-white-negroes-cultural-appropriation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">treated as commodities</a> to be mined and to aid commercial activities by powerful white people in western societies.
Since I began researching this topic in 2018, the public-facing image of The Diigitals has notably changed. Its once sparse website now includes names of <a href="https://www.thediigitals.com/muse" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">real-life muses</a> and indicates its ongoing work with Black women. This gesture may be meaningful and temper some critiques of the swelling number of Black CGI influencers across the industry, many of which are not apparently created by Black people.
A more pessimistic view might see such activity as projecting an illusion of racial diversity. There may conceivably be times when a brand&#x2019;s use of a CGI influencer prevents a real Black influencer from accessing substantial work. The Diigitals working with actual Black people as &#x201C;muses&#x201D; is not the same as Black people creating and directing the influencer from its inception. However, it is important to <a href="https://www.thediigitals.com/muse" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">recognize the work of such real Black people,</a> who may be changing the industry in impactful ways that are not fully captured by the term &#x201C;muse.&#x201D;
To me, many Black CGI influencers and their origin stories represent pervasive marketplace demand for impersonations of Black people that cater to what may be warped ideas about Black life, cultures, and embodiment. Still, I appreciate the work of Black people seeking to change the industry, and I am interested in how the future of Black CGI influencers may be shaped by Black people who are both creators and &#x201C;muses.&#x201D;
<a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/francesca-sobande-1257761" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Francesca Sobande</a> is a lecturer in digital media studies at <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/cardiff-university-1257" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cardiff University</a>. This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/cgi-influencers-when-the-people-we-follow-on-social-media-arent-human-165767" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">original article</a>.
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 ";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:3:{s:0:"";a:6:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:69:"What Apple has lost—and gained—since Steve Jobs died 10 years ago";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:20985:"Ten years ago today, I happened to be attending a trade show in Tokyo when a tech journalist friend back in California phoned to ask if I&#x2019;d heard Steve Jobs had died. I hadn&#x2019;t: Apple had just <a href="https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2011/10/05Statement-by-Apples-Board-of-Directors/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">made the sad announcement</a> and it hadn&#x2019;t yet overtaken Twitter, news sites, and&#x2014;it would soon seem&#x2014;<a href="https://www.cnet.com/news/time-magazine-releases-steve-jobs-tribute-issue/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">every other form of media</a>.
Rather than continuing with my trip as planned, I spent the rest of it writing multiple pieces about <a href="http://content.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,2096282-1,00.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Apple&#x2019;s cofounder and his impact on his company and the world</a>. Throughout, I did my best to avoid coming to any snap judgments about what an Apple without Jobs would look like. Even a year after Jobs&#x2019;s death, I&#xA0;<a href="https://techland.time.com/2012/10/05/apple-without-steve-jobs-the-first-year-only-tells-us-so-much/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">marked its anniversary</a> by arguing that it was too soon to judge how Apple was faring, in part because the company was still releasing products that he&#x2019;d had a hand in shaping.
Nine years after that, I have no excuses. Tim Cook has been Apple&#x2019;s CEO for more than a fifth of the company&#x2019;s history. Comparing his Apple to Steve Jobs&#x2019;s legacy remains tricky, since we&#x2019;ll never know how Jobs would have handled the same decisions Cook has made. But since it&#x2019;s no longer premature to ponder such matters, I&#x2019;m going to give it a shot. And I&#x2019;m going to divide my musings into four broad categories.

<h2>Apple as a business</h2>
This one&#x2019;s easy.
When Jobs died, some who weighed in about Apple&#x2019;s future&#x2014;including Oracle CEO Larry Ellison, a close Jobs friend&#x2014;<a href="https://money.cnn.com/2013/08/13/technology/mobile/larry-ellison-apple/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">expected the worst</a>. You didn&#x2019;t have to think Jobs was irreplaceable to guess that Cook would have his hands full dealing with threats such as <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/id/44800342" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">the growing popularity of phones based on Google&#x2019;s Android operating system</a>.
Still, many&#xA0;observers concluded that Apple <a href="https://appleinsider.com/articles/11/10/06/wall_street_spiritvision_of_steve_jobs_will_live_on_at_apple" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">stood a good chance of flourishing</a>&#xA0;under Cook.&#xA0;Hedge fund manager James Altucher, who had already&#xA0;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/id/40851517" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">predicted that Apple would be the first $1 trillion company</a>, doubled down on the prognostication&#xA0;<a href="https://freakonomics.com/2011/10/06/confessions-of-a-steve-jobs-fanboy/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">after Jobs&#x2019;s passing</a>.
But even Altucher didn&#x2019;t talk about Apple becoming the first company to <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2020/08/20/how-apple-became-americas-first-2-trillion-company-cnbc-after-hours.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">reach a valuation of $2 trillion</a>, a feat it achieved less than nine years after Jobs&#x2019;s death. Apple is now worth more than six times what it was on October 5, 2011. As the smartphone market matured, Cook turned out to be one of the best CEOs in the history of business, adroitly keeping Apple growing through strategies such as <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90212632/apples-more-service-oriented-future-brings-new-challenges" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">bolstering its services portfolio</a>.
From a Wall Street perspective, the unanswerable question that feels most pertinent is not &#x201C;would Apple have been more successful if Steve Jobs was still CEO?&#x201D; Instead, it&#x2019;s more like &#x201C;would an Apple run by Steve Jobs have matched Tim Cook&#x2019;s history-making financial results?&#x201D;

<h2>The next big thing(s)</h2>
For the first year or two of Tim Cook&#x2019;s tenure as Apple CEO, some pundits helpfully explained that Jobs had unveiled an epoch-shifting gadget every couple of years&#x2014;and that Cook would be a failure if he didn&#x2019;t continue that pace. As I <a href="https://techland.time.com/2013/09/24/the-myth-of-steve-jobs-constant-breakthroughs/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">wrote back then</a>, this was silly. For one thing, even Jobs didn&#x2019;t change history with anything like the frequency that people thought he did. For another, Cook deserved more than two years to prove how much vision Apple would have under his leadership.
Enough time has passed that it&#x2019;s now fair to compare Cook&#x2019;s biggest products to Jobs landmarks such as the Apple II, Mac, iPod, iTunes, iPhone, and iPad.&#xA0;Apples biggest all-new product since 2011 has unquestionably been the Apple Watch, which is now <a href="https://www.aboveavalon.com/notes/2021/2/11/apple-watch-is-now-worn-on-100-million-wrists" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">worn by 100 million people</a>, including a third of iPhone users in the U.S. Judged purely as a revenue generator, the smartwatch deserves to be mentioned in the same breath as Jobs&#x2019;s signature products: It&#x2019;s a <a href="https://www.cultofmac.com/598714/apple-watch-is-now-a-bigger-business-for-apple-than-ipod-ever-was/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">bigger business than the iPod was at its height</a>.
The other obvious megahit of the Cook years are AirPods, which defined the modern wireless-earbud category and <a href="https://9to5mac.com/2021/01/27/airpods-dominate-wireless-headphone-market/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">still lead it</a>; they&#x2019;re as iconic as wired iPod earbuds once were&#x2014;and vastly more profitable for Apple.

Any Apple rival would salivate at the prospect of creating a business as successful as the Apple Watch and AirPods have been. Still, neither is culturally transformative in the way that Jobs&#x2019;s biggest successes were. Rather than changing everything about our relationship with technology in one or two fell swoops, the Apple Watch has done well because Apple has patiently took something that initially felt like a tiny computer for your wrist and refocused it on fitness and health. Meanwhile, AirPods, delightful though they are, are ultimately an accessory, at least for the time being. And there&#x2019;s a limit to how much an accessory can reshape human life.
But if Apple hasn&#x2019;t managed to shift any epochs lately, that&#x2019;s understandable. Neither has anyone else in the consumer electronics business:
<ul>
<li>On the smartphone front, pricey folding phones from <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90678171/galaxy-z-fold3-review?utm_source=postup&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=samsung&amp;position=2&amp;partner=newsletter&amp;campaign_date=09252021" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Samsung</a> and <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90538955/the-many-sides-of-microsofts-two-screen-suface-duo-phone" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Microsoft</a> cater to a niche that doesn&#x2019;t feel like it&#x2019;s about to explode.</li>
<li>Amazon&#x2019;s Alexa has done more than Apple&#x2019;s Siri to propel AI-infused voice interfaces to prominence, but it hasn&#x2019;t rendered smartphones any less important.</li>
<li>Thanks to Facebook&#x2019;s Oculus, virtual reality has made great strides, but a heck of a lot of people still haven&#x2019;t strapped on a headset even once.</li>
<li>On the consumer hardware front, augmented reality has inspired some <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/1672087/the-one-thing-google-glass-forgot-other-people?utm_source=postup&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=ubiquitous-computing&amp;position=5&amp;partner=newsletter&amp;campaign_date=09102021" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">notorious</a> <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90501516/magic-leaps-possible-death-throes-have-little-to-do-with-covid-19" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">flops</a>; its successes, such as&#xA0;<a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90651871/pokemon-go-niantic-pikmin-transformers-games?utm_source=postup&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=pokemon-go&amp;position=2&amp;partner=newsletter&amp;campaign_date=09092021" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Pok&#xE9;mon Go</a> and&#xA0;<a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90567886/ar-is-finally-infiltrating-everyday-tasks-such-as-google-search" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Google Lens</a>, have gained traction by leveraging smartphones rather than replacing them.</li>
<li>From Facebook and Twitter to TikTok, social media has changed the world over the past decade, but it feels less like an invention than a virus that got out of control.</li>
<li>You might make the case that Elon Musk&#x2019;s Tesla has had an Apple-like impact on the automotive industry, but the electrification of passenger vehicles remains a story in progress.</li>
</ul>
It&#x2019;s even clearer in retrospect than it was during Jobs&#x2019;s life that it might be impossible to top the iPhone by coming up with an even more popular, profitable gizmo. Had Jobs gotten another decade as Apple CEO, he might have chosen to pour most of the company&#x2019;s energy into the evolution and expansion of the iPhone and iPad&#x2014;just as Cook&#x2019;s Apple has done. Incremental improvements to existing products, after all, were <a href="https://www.macworld.com/article/205387/apple-rolls.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">just as key to Jobs&#x2019;s success as the great leaps forward</a>.
One other thing: All evidence suggests that Apple hasn&#x2019;t given up on trying to reinvent additional product categories. It&#x2019;s just tackling ones that are hyper-ambitious even by its own standards&#x2014;such as <a href="https://www.macrumors.com/roundup/apple-glasses/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">VR/AR headsets</a> and <a href="https://appleinsider.com/articles/21/10/04/apple-seeks-radar-test-engineer-to-join-apple-car-project" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">cars</a>&#x2014;and is happy to chip away in private rather than <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90681568/facebook-metaverse-zuckerberg" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">hype stuff that won&#x2019;t appear for years</a>. Which means that it&#x2019;s still too early to declare that we&#x2019;ve seen the last history-making new Apple product.

<h2>The little things</h2>
Steve Jobs was not an inventor so much as an editor. None of the products he&#x2019;s remembered for were the first in their category, and every one of them bulged with work done by people who had skills that Jobs did not possess. But he had a near-superhuman ability to know what to put into a product and what to leave out. He could make the seams between hardware and software nearly vanish. He made hard decisions that were <a href="https://www.technologizer.com/2008/10/17/firewire-isnt-alone-a-brief-history-of-features-apple-has-killed/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">often questioned</a>, but almost always prescient and&#x2014;eventually&#x2014;widely imitated.
No single person has taken on that responsibility in the Cook era, and it shows. Compared to earlier days, the company has released more than its share of half-baked products, such as 2013&#x2019;s&#xA0;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS_7" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">iOS 7</a>, whose newly minimalist look felt like a rough draft. In 2014, it had to create a&#xA0;<a href="https://www.theverge.com/2015/3/9/8161553/apple-watch-edition-price-how-much" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">$10,000 Apple Watch</a>&#xA0;to learn that such a device <a href="https://www.macrumors.com/2016/09/07/apple-discontinues-apple-watch-edition-gold/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">made no sense</a>. Instead of making touch-screen Macs, it replaced the MacBook Pro&#x2019;s function keys with <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/3065088/the-problem-with-apples-touch-bar-is-you-cant-simply-touch-it" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">a skinny touchscreen</a>&#xA0;in 2016, seemingly making very few people happy.&#xA0;Right now, the <a href="https://daringfireball.net/2021/10/the_tragedy_of_safari_15_quote_unquote_tabs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">odd changes which the company decided to make to its Safari browser</a>&#x2014;and has only <a href="https://www.zdnet.com/article/dont-like-the-iphones-new-safari-in-ios-15-heres-how-to-fix-it/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">partially unwound</a>&#x2014;seem like an instance of inadequate editing of its raw ideas.
In all these cases, I&#x2019;m not going to say &#x201C;Steve Jobs would never have allowed that,&#x201D; because . . . well, he might have. His own mistakes <a href="https://www.wired.com/story/20-years-ago-steve-jobs-built-the-coolest-computer-ever-it-bombed/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">were</a> <a href="https://www.applegazette.com/mac/apple-puck-mouse-named-one-of-the-worst-tech-products-of-all-time/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">often</a> <a href="https://9to5mac.com/2021/06/03/remembering-apples-sweet-solution-for-iphone-apps-before-the-app-store/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">doozies</a>. But present-day Apple does feel like it&#x2019;s lost the final polish that Jobs gave almost everything.
Still, even if Apple errs in public more than it once did, it usually gets to a good place eventually. In the post-Jobs era, the iPhone lineup has had some false starts&#x2014;remember the <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/3020083/the-wall-street-journal-worries-about-iphone-5c-orders" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">proudly plasticky iPhone 5c?</a>&#x2014;and <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90236094/making-sense-of-the-most-confusing-new-iphone-lineup-ever" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">grew confusing</a> as Apple added more and more variants. But the <a href="https://www.cnet.com/tech/mobile/iphone-13-everything-know-apple-new-2021-phone-line/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">four new iPhone 13 models</a>&#x2014;and the <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90491222/apple-has-the-cheap-iphone-youve-been-waiting-for-in-2020" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">still-available iPhone SE</a>&#x2014;make for the most comprehensible iPhone line since the days when it consisted of a grand total of one phone. And by making the new iPhones slightly thicker and heavier to allow for <a href="https://www.tomsguide.com/news/iphone-13-battery-life-tested-all-four-models-compared" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">larger, longer-lasting batteries</a>, Apple abandoned Jobs&#x2019;s thinner-is-better instincts to achieve a sensible goal. That&#x2019;s an infinitely smarter act of editing than asking &#x201C;<a href="https://www.macworld.com/article/194533/what_would_steve_do.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">what would Steve do</a>?&#x201D;

<h2>Steve Jobs the industry presence</h2>
We didn&#x2019;t just lose Steve Jobs the business executive, strategic thinker, and product polisher 10 years ago. We lost the guy who may have been the single most memorable personality the consumer-tech business ever produced:
<ul>
<li>The Steve Jobs who was <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/3058227/regis-mckennas-1976-notebook-and-the-invention-of-apple-computer-inc" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">a direct link to the roots of the PC industry</a>, having cofounded Apple in 1976 at age 21 with Steve Wozniak. (Yes, Jobs and Woz really did sell a VW van and HP calculator, respectively, to fund their startup.)</li>
<li>The one who could be <a href="https://www.theverge.com/2015/3/25/8282589/becoming-steve-jobs-biography" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">terrible to deal with</a>, was ignominiously <a href="https://www.cultofmac.com/445723/today-in-apple-history-steve-jobs-leaves-and-rejoins-apple/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">forced out of his own company</a>, and came back more than a decade later <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/3042433/the-real-legacy-of-steve-jobs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">far better at his job</a>.</li>
<li>The one who pulled off a corporate turnaround so improbable that Wired&#xA0;had compiled &#x201C;<a href="https://www.wired.com/1997/06/apple-3/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">101 Ways to Save Apple</a>&#x201D; without one of them involving Jobs coming back as CEO.</li>
<li>The one who occasionally <a href="https://www.imore.com/steve-jobs-and-his-thoughts-flash-show-why-apple-still-misses-him" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">issued open letters that sounded nothing like marketing materials</a>.</li>
<li>The one who read emails from random Apple customers and <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2011/11/22/tech/innovation/jobs-excerpt-customer-service/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">replied in as few words as possible</a>. (Tim Cook apparently <a href="https://www.cultofmac.com/608606/yes-tim-cook-does-read-your-dear-tim-emails/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">does take customer email seriously</a><a href="https://www.cnn.com/2011/11/22/tech/innovation/jobs-excerpt-customer-service/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">, but in a less entertaining fashion.)</a></li>
</ul>
When most of us envision Jobs, what we see is the man onstage at the product presentations so inextricably associated with him that they were known as &#x201C;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stevenote" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Stevenotes</a>.&#x201D; Even if you steadfastly refused to get sucked into his <a href="https://www.folklore.org/StoryView.py?project=Macintosh&amp;story=Reality_Distortion_Field.txt" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">reality distortion field</a>, these demos were remarkably compelling. It wasn&#x2019;t just because he was one of the best explainers the tech industry has ever seen, or even because he occasionally did reveal stuff that <a href="https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2007/01/09Apple-Reinvents-the-Phone-with-iPhone/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">blew your socks off</a>. Up there on stage&#x2014;often by himself&#x2014;he came off as human, even vulnerable, in a way that few business executives would choose to make themselves. That was true all along, and even more so in his final years as each appearance was an opportunity for <a href="https://www.webpronews.com/steve-jobs-health-on-display-at-wwdc/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">public speculation about his health</a>.
For a few years after Jobs&#x2019;s death, <a href="https://www.engadget.com/2013-10-30-have-apple-media-events-become-boring-and-all-too-predictable.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Apple product launches</a> were overseen by Cook and other longtime Jobs associates, and felt like Stevenotes that had been stripped of their most important ingredient. As people noted with increasing frequency that the same handful of white guys <a href="https://www.theverge.com/2015/6/8/8744853/women-on-stage-at-apple-events-tim-cook" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">represented Apple at every event</a>, the company began to switch things up, calling on a larger, more diverse group of Apple employees to divvy up the presenting. With the COVID-19 pandemic and the shift to virtual events, the company <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90519918/apples-2005-and-2020-wwdc-keynotes-eerily-similar-and-worlds-apart" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ventured even further away from the Stevenote approach</a>. Even if it returns to live product launches in 2022, it seems likely that high-production-value canned videos will play a larger part than when almost everything that mattered was happening in front of a live audience.
Steve Jobs is in no danger of being forgotten. But more and more, when Apple does things that he wouldn&#x2019;t have, it&#x2019;s not a sign that the company has lost its way. Instead, it&#x2019;s evidence that Apple is still restlessly looking forward rather than obsessing over its past. And what could be more Steve Jobs-like than that?
";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"link";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:190:"https://www.fastcompany.com/90682991/what-apple-has-lost-and-gained-since-steve-jobs-died-10-years-ago?partner=rss&utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss+fastcompany&utm_content=rss";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"guid";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:102:"https://www.fastcompany.com/90682991/what-apple-has-lost-and-gained-since-steve-jobs-died-10-years-ago";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:11:"isPermaLink";s:5:"false";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:8:"category";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:4:"Tech";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:7:"pubDate";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:29:"Tue, 05 Oct 2021 08:00:30 GMT";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:32:"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/";a:1:{s:7:"creator";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:15:"Harry McCracken";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:29:"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/";a:1:{s:7:"content";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:0:"";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:5:{s:3:"url";s:148:"https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/w_1280,q_auto,f_auto,fl_lossy/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/p-1-10th-anniversary-of-steve-jobsand8217-death.jpg";s:4:"type";s:10:"image/jpeg";s:6:"medium";s:5:"image";s:5:"width";s:4:"1280";s:6:"height";s:3:"720";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}}}i:14;a:6:{s:4:"data";s:113:"
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:3:{s:0:"";a:6:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:86:"Facebook whistleblower Senate hearing: how to watch Frances Haugen’s testimony today";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:3073:"Facebook is having one eventful week. Yesterday a <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90682949/facebook-instagram-and-whatsapp-crashes-drag-the-social-media-giant-into-another-terrible-week" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">major outage hit all Facebook-owned services</a>. Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, Messenger, and Oculus were all down worldwide for users for almost six hours. (Facebook <a href="https://engineering.fb.com/2021/10/04/networking-traffic/outage/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">says</a> the outage was due to a router configuration error).
But today, Facebook is up against an even bigger challenge. <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90682994/facebook-whistleblower-frances-haugens-testimony-could-be-crucial" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Whistleblower Frances Haugen</a> will give her testimony in front of a Senate panel this morning regarding what she says is Facebook&#x2019;s negative impact on children, democracy, and the social fabric. The Washington Post has <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/context/facebook-whistleblower-frances-haugen-s-senate-testimony/8d324185-d725-4d99-9160-9ce9e13f58a3/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">published</a> Haugen&#x2019;s prepared statement to the U.S. Senate&#x2019;s Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation, in which she will say:
<ul>
<li>Facebook has consistently chosen its own profits over user safety, resulting in Facebook amplifying &#x201C;division, extremism, and polarization&#x2014;and undermining societies around the world.</li>
<li>Facebook&#x2019;s profit optimizing machine is generating self-harm and self-hate&#x2014;especially for vulnerable groups, like teenage girls.</li>
<li>As long as Facebook is operating in the dark, it is accountable to no one. And it will continue to make choices that go against the common good.</li>
<li>Facebook wants you to believe that the problems we&#x2019;re talking about are unsolvable. They want you to believe in false choices . . . I am here to tell you today that&#x2019;s not true.</li>
</ul>
Haugen will also call for regulation on Facebook, including the ability for independent researchers to transparently look into Facebook&#x2019;s actual systems. After Haugen&#x2019;s prepared remarks she will field questions from the Senate committee.
Here&#x2019;s how to watch Frances Haugen&#x2019;s testimony today live as it happens:
<ul>
<li>What: Facebook whistleblower Frances Haugen&#x2019;s testimony in front of the U.S. Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation Subcommittee on Consumer Protection, Product Safety, and Data Security.</li>
<li>When: Tuesday, October 5 at 10 a.m. EDT</li>
<li>How to watch online: the event will be <a href="https://www.commerce.senate.gov/2021/10/protecting%20kids%20online:%20testimony%20from%20a%20facebook%20whistleblower" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">livestreamed today on the committee hearing page here</a>.</li>
</ul>
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 ";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:3:{s:0:"";a:6:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:64:"This startup is using sunlight and captured CO2 to make jet fuel";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:9454:"In a field in the desert next to a freeway in Tucson, Arizona, the sun beams down on a large mirror in a research park, powering a small reactor nearby. Inside that reactor, captured carbon dioxide is being transformed into synthetic jet fuel.
&#x201C;We remove the need for any sort of fossil fuel inputs,&#x201D; says Jason Salfi, cofounder and CEO of <a href="https://dimensionalenergy.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Dimensional Energy</a>, the startup running the small pilot installation. By early next year, the tiny facility will be producing only around half a barrel of fuel a day. But the company plans to use the same process&#x2014;with a large field of heliostats, which are mirrors that concentrate solar power&#x2014;at a sizable scale. In 2022, it hopes to get its sustainable aviation fuel certified for use and begin flight tests with a partner airline. The company is one of a handful of startups developing alternative jet fuels (LanzaTech, which <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90299037/lanzatech-most-innovative-companies-2019" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">turns steel-factory emissions into ethanol</a>, is another).
<figure id="attachment_90683190" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-90683190" style="width: 525px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img class="size-large wp-image-90683190" src="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/w_596,c_limit,q_auto:best,f_auto,fl_lossy/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/05-90682603-this-startup-is-using-sunlight-and-captured-co2-748x457.jpg" alt srcset="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/05-90682603-this-startup-is-using-sunlight-and-captured-co2-748x457.jpg 748w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/05-90682603-this-startup-is-using-sunlight-and-captured-co2-300x183.jpg 300w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/05-90682603-this-startup-is-using-sunlight-and-captured-co2-768x469.jpg 768w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/05-90682603-this-startup-is-using-sunlight-and-captured-co2-1536x938.jpg 1536w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/05-90682603-this-startup-is-using-sunlight-and-captured-co2.jpg 1582w" sizes="(max-width: 525px) 100vw, 525px"><figcaption id="caption-attachment-90683190" class="wp-caption-text">[Photo: courtesy Dimensional Energy]</figcaption></figure>For the airline industry, which emitted 918 million tons of CO2 in 2019 before the pandemic temporarily slowed travel, the technology could be part of a larger transformation. Electric planes are in development, but are only likely to be feasible for short flights and small aircraft in the near future. &#x201C;Right now, the energy density of the batteries are several times less than the energy density of the hydrocarbon fuels,&#x201D; says Salfi, &#x201C;so you just simply can&#x2019;t store enough energy to fly long distances and to fly large amounts of passengers.&#x201D; The company&#x2019;s process could also be used to make fuel for long-distance trucking or shipping.
<figure id="attachment_90683188" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-90683188" style="width: 525px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img class="size-large wp-image-90683188" src="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/w_596,c_limit,q_auto:best,f_auto,fl_lossy/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/03-90682603-this-startup-is-using-sunlight-and-captured-co2-684x457.jpg" alt srcset="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/03-90682603-this-startup-is-using-sunlight-and-captured-co2-684x457.jpg 684w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/03-90682603-this-startup-is-using-sunlight-and-captured-co2-300x200.jpg 300w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/03-90682603-this-startup-is-using-sunlight-and-captured-co2-768x513.jpg 768w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/03-90682603-this-startup-is-using-sunlight-and-captured-co2-1536x1027.jpg 1536w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/03-90682603-this-startup-is-using-sunlight-and-captured-co2.jpg 1616w" sizes="(max-width: 525px) 100vw, 525px"><figcaption id="caption-attachment-90683188" class="wp-caption-text">[Photo: courtesy Dimensional Energy]</figcaption></figure>The technology, which grew out of research at Cornell University, uses electrolysis to split water and produce hydrogen, and then mixes the hydrogen and CO2 in its reactor to make syngas, or synthetic gas&#x2014;which can be converted into liquid fuel and then refined into jet fuel. &#x201C;The magic of our technology is where we integrate everything into one single stream,&#x201D; he says. The tech makes it possible to make carbon monoxide, one component of the process, at a low cost, and makes the resulting fuel cost competitive. At scale, the company projects that the fuel could eventually cost less than $1 per gallon.
<figure id="attachment_90683192" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-90683192" style="width: 457px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img class="size-large wp-image-90683192" src="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/w_596,c_limit,q_auto:best,f_auto,fl_lossy/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/07-90682603-this-startup-is-using-sunlight-and-captured-co2-457x457.jpg" alt srcset="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/07-90682603-this-startup-is-using-sunlight-and-captured-co2-457x457.jpg 457w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/07-90682603-this-startup-is-using-sunlight-and-captured-co2-300x300.jpg 300w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/07-90682603-this-startup-is-using-sunlight-and-captured-co2-150x150.jpg 150w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/07-90682603-this-startup-is-using-sunlight-and-captured-co2-100x100.jpg 100w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/07-90682603-this-startup-is-using-sunlight-and-captured-co2.jpg 722w" sizes="(max-width: 457px) 100vw, 457px"><figcaption id="caption-attachment-90683192" class="wp-caption-text">[Photo: courtesy Dimensional Energy]</figcaption></figure>&#x201C;Our financial models show being able to have cost parity with fossil fuel-based jet fuel in the next decade,&#x201D; says Salfi. It&#x2019;s critical to get there if airlines are going to buy it. &#x201C;It&#x2019;s going to be a struggle to get them to pay a premium for any meaningful amount of sustainable aviation fuel,&#x201D; he says. &#x201C;Even if they are paying a premium today, sustainable aviation fuel only makes up something like less than a tenth of a percent of the overall market. . . . [T]hey just won&#x2019;t respond unless it&#x2019;s in their pricing model. Companies like ours just have to get the prices down.&#x201D;
<figure id="attachment_90683193" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-90683193" style="width: 525px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img class="size-large wp-image-90683193" src="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/w_596,c_limit,q_auto:best,f_auto,fl_lossy/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/08-90682603-this-startup-is-using-sunlight-and-captured-co2-626x457.jpg" alt srcset="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/08-90682603-this-startup-is-using-sunlight-and-captured-co2-626x457.jpg 626w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/08-90682603-this-startup-is-using-sunlight-and-captured-co2-300x219.jpg 300w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/08-90682603-this-startup-is-using-sunlight-and-captured-co2-768x560.jpg 768w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/08-90682603-this-startup-is-using-sunlight-and-captured-co2.jpg 1399w" sizes="(max-width: 525px) 100vw, 525px"><figcaption id="caption-attachment-90683193" class="wp-caption-text">[Photo: courtesy Dimensional Energy]</figcaption></figure>Dimensional Energy plans to begin its process with CO2 captured from industry&#x2014;for example, cement plants, which produce carbon dioxide as part of the chemical process even if they&#x2019;re able to run on renewable energy. Eventually, as <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90673424/the-first-commercial-carbon-removal-plant-just-opened-in-iceland" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">direct air capture technology scales up</a> to pull CO2 from the atmosphere, it could also be a source for the fuel, making it essentially carbon neutral. (Direct air capture also produces water, which could be used to make hydrogen in the process.) Other sources are also possible. New <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90618799/this-new-device-captures-the-carbon-from-trucks-as-they-drive" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">technology that captures CO2 from trucks as they drive</a>, for example, could theoretically be the source for new fuel for those trucks.
At the moment, regulations limit the amount of synthetic fuel that planes can use, allowing a mix of up to 50%. That would still dramatically lower the carbon footprint of flights, but it&#x2019;s possible that 100% sustainable aviation fuel may soon be allowed. The fuel could also eventually be used on hybrid aircraft that use fuel for energy-intensive takeoff, but then run on electric power in the sky.
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 ";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:3:{s:0:"";a:6:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:71:"This unbelievable video shows what the inside of a hurricane looks like";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:8686:"Greg Foltz gaped at the violent footage. A chief scientist with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), he&#x2019;d spent most of the previous night glued to his computer monitor, anxiously following the data streaming from the first surface drone to drive into a raging cyclone.
Then the images appeared. Deep within the bowels of Hurricane Sam, less than 35 miles northeast of its eye, a torrent of 50-foot waves and fierce 120-mph winds pummeled the camera, spitting frenzied sea spray against a dark and menacing sky. It was Mother Nature at her angriest&#x2014;and Foltz couldn&#x2019;t be happier.

&#x201C;I got chills when I saw those first pictures,&#x201D; says Foltz, from NOAA&#x2019;s <a href="https://www.aoml.noaa.gov" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory</a> in Miami. &#x201C;I had never seen anything like that from the surface of the ocean. And to see those 50-foot wave faces and the power of the wind and air, that was the most exciting part. It was more extreme than I imagined it would be. I was just in awe.&#x201D;
<figure id="attachment_90682773" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-90682773" style="width: 300px" class="wp-caption alignleft"><img class="size-medium wp-image-90682773" src="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/w_596,c_limit,q_auto:best,f_auto,fl_lossy/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-foltz_picture-300x300.jpg" alt srcset="https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-foltz_picture-300x300.jpg 300w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-foltz_picture-457x457.jpg 457w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-foltz_picture-150x150.jpg 150w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-foltz_picture-768x768.jpg 768w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-foltz_picture-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-foltz_picture-100x100.jpg 100w, https://images.fastcompany.net/image/upload/wp-cms/uploads/2021/10/i-foltz_picture.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px"><figcaption id="caption-attachment-90682773" class="wp-caption-text">NOAA scientist Greg Foltz [Photo: courtesy of NOAA]</figcaption></figure>Across the country, at the agency&#x2019;s <a href="https://www.pmel.noaa.gov" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory</a> in Seattle, director of engineering Christian Meinig was having his own religious experience: &#x201C;There were 50- to 80-foot waves, and the drone was surfing them at 30 mph!&#x201D;<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uQM_03zuSAI&amp;t=6s" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"></a>
The <a href="https://twitter.com/NOAAResearch/status/1443670149672886283" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">unprecedented footage</a>, taken Thursday morning from a spot some 700 miles northeast of Puerto Rico, marked the first time scientists successfully sent an uncrewed ocean surface drone into a major hurricane&#x2014;a Category 4 one, at that&#x2014;to gather and transmit video and environmental data in situ. The probe remained in the storm for four hours before being outpaced, capping a seven-year collaboration between NOAA and <a href="https://www.saildrone.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Saildrone</a>, a San Francisco-area company that manufactures autonomous surface vehicles for marine data collection.
&#x201C;This couldn&#x2019;t have gone better,&#x201D; says Saildrone founder and CEO Richard Jenkins. &#x201C;It was a high-risk mission in that we were doing this for the first time in a wild environment. The value of the data was so great, we were prepared to lose a vehicle. But for it to sail through this incredibly powerful storm, and come out unscathed with the data, is better than we could have hoped.&#x201D;
This latest mission, which NOAA funded for roughly $1.2 million, began in June when Saildrone released a fleet of five 23-foot solar- and wind-powered Explorer probes. The drones were modified with special stabilizing &#x201C;hurricane wings&#x201D; before sailing into Florida, Puerto Rico, and Caribbean waters to collect more definitive information on the physical processes of hurricanes and real-time observations for prediction models. Researchers hope the data will offer new insights into how large and destructive such storms will become as climate change progresses, with a goal of improving forecasting and preparedness, especially in coastal communities. The fleet will continue for another three weeks, with NOAA posting its findings in its <a href="https://cwcgom.aoml.noaa.gov/cgom/OceanViewer/index_phod.html#" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">observations viewer</a>.
<h2>How to measure a hurricane</h2>
Conventional methods of hurricane data-gathering include reconnaissance aircraft, dropping instruments into storms, and<a href="https://argo.ucsd.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> floating sensors</a> that bob between the surface and depths. But the guided Saildrone surface probes&#x2019; precise positioning enables more nuanced on-site readings of surface temperature, salinity, humidity, evaporation, wave velocity, and currents. Eventually, the team wants to develop sensor technology that will measure sea spray, foam, and air bubbles to ascertain how those impact the transfer of energy between the wind and waves.
&#x201C;We could actually direct the Saildrone to where the hurricane was going to be, which is something new,&#x201D; says Foltz. This helps scientists study how wind and water temperature contribute to a hurricane intensifying. &#x201C;Being at the surface of the ocean is very important&#x2014;that&#x2019;s the engine of the hurricane.&#x201D;
The warmer the ocean, the higher the hurricane&#x2019;s potential wind speed. That&#x2019;s because hurricanes intensify by extracting energy from warm water. But the ocean also slows the winds down through drag, so the maximum potential intensity that a hurricane can reach largely depends on the balance of these two forces.

Saildrone and NOAA have previously run joint excursions to the Pacific, Arctic, and Southern (Antarctic) oceans to gather atmospheric and oceanic data, including air temperature &amp; relative humidity, wind speed and direction, and water salinity and temperature. But tackling a hurricane meant redesigning the sensors to operate in and survive even more extreme conditions.
The major change involved downsizing the &#x201C;wing,&#x201D; a carbon-fiber composite sail that also houses the solar panels and instruments. Saildrone engineers shortened its height from 16 to 10 feet and lowered its center of gravity, so it could survive the forces of the wind and waves. The team toughened the sensor components and housings to take the additional punishment, adding redundant technology as a backup. Saildrone upgraded the drone&#x2019;s modem for improved satellite connectivity. &#x201C;That&#x2019;s how we got the video back,&#x201D; says Meinig.
The team also tested coordinated sampling with underwater gliders, smaller robots that can collect and transmit environmental data from the surface to depths of 3,300 feet.
<h2>A perfect storm</h2>
The scientists decided to target Sam on September 20, after they spotted it forming in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean where it was unlikely to reach land, providing an ideal research scenario.
&#x201C;We looked a week ahead of time to see where Sam would go, hung out in that area, and fine-tuned it to hit the Northeast quadrant of the tropical cyclone, where it&#x2019;s strongest,&#x201D; Meinig adds.

This winter, NOAA will present its findings from Hurricane Sam and the rest of the Saildrone mission in the Atlantic at the American Geophysical Union and American Meteorological Society conferences, while Saildrone plans an expanded 10-drone fleet for next year&#x2019;s hurricane season.
Still, considerable work remains for this season, as the scientists measure post-storm temperatures and salinity to gauge the amount of heat Sam drew out of the ocean. Saline layering can trap heat below the surface, raising questions about its contribution to how a hurricane grows. &#x201C;We want to see what mixing those layers in a hurricane can mean for the intensification process,&#x201D; says Meinig. &#x201C;From there, the science will present more questions.&#x201D;
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